Where we present a brief discussion on methods for valuing longevity risk. Chaos is the origin of the universe. Mathematics is its language. It is clear that the asset class comprised of life insurance related products that carry longevity risk cannot be valued based on typical financial measures. Specifically, the returns and yields so commonly bantered about amongst the 'players' have absolut...

While several investigations have focused on the association between individual foods and nutrients upon the development of chronic diseases, few have examined the role that entire dietary patterns may play in health and disease. A dietary pattern generally considered to have beneficial health effects is that of the Mediterranean diet. In this paper, five cohort studies exploring the associatio...

We examine the relationship between trader longevity and trader behavior in U.S. equity markets. Traders who change how much, what, when, and where they trade often remain active for a longer period of time. Although longer (shorter) duration traders tend to perform better (worse), changes in trading behavior rather than performance is the key determinant of longevity. Overall, our findings sug...

Mitochondria are essential for various biological processes including cellular energy production. The oxidative stress theory of aging proposes that mitochondria play key roles in aging by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), which indiscriminately damage macromolecules and lead to an age-dependent decline in biological function. However, recent studies show that increased levels of ROS or...

"In this article the evolution of life expectancy is examined historically for various European nations at various ages, and according to sex. Appropriate logistic equations describe the facts and extrapolate into the future giving the doctor an indication of what is still to be accomplished and the demographer the tools with which to evaluate the aging of European population in the next 20 yea...

Autophagy is an evolutionally conserved cytoplasmic degradation system in which varieties of materials are sequestered by a double membrane structure, autophagosome, and delivered to the lysosomes for the degradation. Due to the wide varieties of targets, autophagic activity is essential for cellular homeostasis. Recent genetic evidence indicates that autophagy has a crucial role in the regulat...

the basic elements of telomere biology are very similar across many taxa [1], there is diversity among species, and among tissues, in telomere dynamics. Not surprisingly, given that species differ in many other relevant aspects of their biology, including the pattern of activity of the telomere-restoring enzyme telomerase simple comparisons of average telomere length across species do not map d...

In this paper, we develop an OLG model where both longevity and fertility are endogenous. The authorities provide two types of public expenditures: health services and environmental maintenance that participate to increase agents’ life expectancy. Under proper conditions on the fiscal policy implemented by the government, the global dynamics is featured by multiple equilibria: a high growth rat...

Japan has the longest life expectancy in the world. It was an average 85.59 years for women and 78.64 years for men and 77.2 years for women and 71.9 years for men in average health expectancy in 2004. As the diet becomes more westernized, the number of patients with diabetic, cardiovascular, and cerebrovascular diseases due to the metabolic syndrome is increasing. In 2002, our university was s...

popularity of hand sanitizer and antibiotics shows how we feel about bacteria: an enemy that's bad for our health. Emerging data, however, suggest just the opposite-that exposures to certain kinds of bacteria are beneficial for a long and healthy life, at least in part by inhibiting a wasting syndrome termed cachexia [1]. Cachexia, a condition defined as muscle wasting associated with chronic d...