The myth of individual genius and achievement--as opposed to cooperative efforts--is deeply ingrained in American culture. Americans seem deeply committed to the idea of the individual hero---a rugged self-starter who meets challenges and overcomes adversity. Sports, for example, are more often defined by individual superstars than by the quality of teamwork. Academic excellence is more often p...

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effects of physical form of starter and alfalfa hay (AH) provision on growth performance, ruminal fermentation, and blood metabolites of Holstein dairy calves. Forty-four 3d-old Holstein dairy calves with a mean starting BW of 39.9 ± 1.1 kg were used in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. The factors were dietary forage level (0 or 150 g kg-1</sup...

Metabolism of aromatic amino acids by lactic acid bacteria is an important source of off-flavor compounds in Cheddar cheese. Previous work has shown that alpha-keto acids produced from Trp, Tyr, and Phe by aminotransferase enzymes are chemically labile and may degrade spontaneously into a variety of off-flavor compounds. However, dairy lactobacilli can convert unstable alpha-keto acids to more-...

this experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of nettle (urtica dioica) a medicinal plant in starter and grower feeds on performance, carcass traits, blood biochemical and immunity parameters of broilers. a completely randomized design was used with 324 broilers (ross-308) divided in nine treatments and three replicates (with 12 birds in each replicate) 1 to 42 days....

Growing expectations of consumers of fermented dairy products urge the search for novel solutions that would improve their organoleptic properties and in the case of rennet cheeses-that would also accelerate their ripening process. The aim of this study was to determine the peptidolytic activities and growth of heat-treated commercial culture of lactic acid bacteria. The analyzed culture was ch...