An approximation technique is considered for computing transmission and reflection coefficients for plane waves propagating through stratified slabs. The propagation of elastic pulse through a planar slab is derived from first principles using straightforward time-dependent method. The paper ends with calculations of enhancement factor for the elastic plane wave and it is shown that it depends ...

Species in the genus Castanea Mill. are one of the worthwhile species in the Hyrcanian forest of west Guilan (N Iran) with low region such as Siahmazgi, Ghalerodkhan and Visrod. that do not have good condition by reason of human interfering and disease. They have varying economic importance as nut tree crops, therefore, DNA barcoding technique can be a straightforward method for taxonomic statu...

The nanostructuring of a sensing membrane is performed through colloidal nanosphere lithography (NSL) techniques with tiny polystyrene nanobead template 100 nm in size. solvent ratio adjustment has been proven to be effective assisting the monolayer deposition small templating particles minimal defects. Two distinct structures, namely, billowy gold nanostructure (BGN) where left unetched and na...