Background: The bioactive androgens testosterone (T) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) regulate bone and fat mass in men. The effects of androgens are largely determined by the rate of their synthesis and inactivation. Irreversible conjugation of androgens or androgen metabolites by UDP glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) into water-soluble glucuronidated androgen metabolites plays an important role in...

Local application of actinomycin D does not detectably modify growth response of the chick comb to androgens. The mode of action of androgens on chick comb (a connective-tissue organ) appears to differ from their action on epithelial-tissue organs such as seminal vesicles and prostate.

While androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) remains the primary treatment for metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) since the seminal recognition of the disease as androgen-dependent by Huggins and Hodges in 1941, therapy is uniformly marked by progression to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) over a period of about 18 months, with an ensuing median survival of 1 to 2 years. Importantly, castr...

T3 plays an important role in the regulation of cell growth and differentiation. In this study, we show the interactive effects of T3 and androgens on the growth response and expression of the prostate-specific genes, PSA (prostate-specific antigen) and hK2 (human glandular kallikrein), in the human prostate cancer cell line, LNCaP. T3 alone showed pronounced growth enhancement in a dose-depend...