Using mid-infrared and radio criteria, we select a sample of candidate z ∼ 2 obscured quasars. Optical spectroscopy confirms about half of these as type-2 quasars, and modelling the population suggests 50-80% of the quasars are obscured. We find some flat radio spectrum type-2 quasars, and tentative evidence for obscuration unrelated to the torus. Using a similar sample, we also find evidence f...

T is my great pleasure to welcome you to the inaugural I issue of the IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON FUZZY SYSTEMS. Many of you are probably quite familiar with the basic ideas underlying fuzzy sets and systems that utilize fuzzy models. However, there will also be readers who are looking at the contents of this issue, wondering what it’s all about. For this latter group, the papers in this first issue m...

The concepts of fuzzy e-open sets and fuzzy e-continuous are introduced and studied in fuzzifying topology and by making use of these concepts, we introduce and study T e 0 -, R e 0-, T e 1 -, R e 1-, T e 2 -, T e 3 -, T e 4 -, strong T e 3 and strong T e 4 separation axioms in fuzzifying topology and give some of their characterizations as well as the relations of these axioms and other separa...

We consider the relative stability of parallel and perpendicular lamellar layers on corrugated surfaces. The model can be applied to smectic phases of liquid crystals, to lamellar phases of shortchain amphiphiles and to lamellar phases of long-chain block copolymers. The corrugated surface is modelled by having a single q-mode lateral corrugation of a certain height. The lamellae deform close t...

We propose a method to synthesize several band-rejection filters by etching split-ring resonators (SRRs) on the transmission line for spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs), which is made of double-side or single-side corrugated metal strips. From dispersion relations, the corrugated strips can support spoof SPP modes when the operating frequency is less than the cutoff frequency. The electric...

Spectral field measurements were used to quantify the ultraviolet (UV) spectral albedos of four different metallic roofing surfaces. The effect of the albedos of two of these surfaces on erythemal exposure to human facial anatomical sites was quantified by UV dosimetry. The albedos of all roofing surfaces were greater than the albedo of grass. Little SZA dependence was observed for any of the s...

Goods that are shipped world-wide travel protected by packages that are frequently made of corrugated board. Therefore, the strength of corrugated board containers is crucial for preserving the content, while an optimization of corrugated board containers is essential to save money and resources. Unfortunately, standard compression tests show a wide dispersion in container performance, and so, ...

Low weight and high load capacity are remarkable advantages of sandwich panels with corrugated core, which make them more considerable by engineering structure designers. It’s important to consider the limitations such as yielding and buckling as design constraints for optimal design of these panels. In this paper, multi-objective optimization of sandwich panels with corrugated core is carried ...

Graphene rippled at the nanoscale level is gathering attention for advanced applications, especially in the field of nanoelectronics and hydrogen storage. Convexity enhanced reactivity toward H was demonstrated on naturally corrugated graphene grown by Si evaporation on SiC, which makes this system a platform for fundamental studies on the effects of rippling. In this work, we report a density ...

An experimental study was conducted to investigate the aerodynamic characteristics of a bio-inspired corrugated airfoil compared with a streamlined airfoil and a flat plate at the chord Reynolds number of Re= 58,000 ~ 125,000 to explore the potential applications of such bio-inspired corrugated airfoils for micro air vehicle (MAV) designs. In addition to measuring the aerodynamic lift and drag ...