1 Phylogenetic sequence analysis of single or multiple genes has dominated the study and census of the 2 genetic diversity among closely related bacteria. It remains unclear, however, how the results based on a few 3 genes in the genome correlate with the whole-genome-based relatedness and what genes (if any) best reflect 4 the whole-genome-level relatedness, and hence, should be preferentially...

Anisakiasis is a global disease caused by consumption of raw or lightly cooked fish contaminated with L3 Anisakis spp. larvae. High rates of parasitization of fish worldwide make Anisakis a serious health hazard. In fact, anisakiasis is a growing disease in countries such as Spain, Italy, and Japan, where consumption of raw/marinated fish is high. Some parasitic infections have been recognized ...

Hippocampal de novo mRNA and protein synthesis has been suggested to be critical for long-term spatial memory. However, its requirement in each memory process (i.e. encoding, consolidation and retrieval) and the differences in the roles of de novo mRNA and protein synthesis in different situations where spatial memory is tested have not been thoroughly investigated. To address these questions, ...

autoclave d dry gr ound beans and ethanol ext r acted g round beans which con t a i n t wo-thi r d of t he haemagglutinin , and one-quarter o f the t rypsin i nhibitors with 80% o f its origi nal t annin we re f ed t o rat s for determinati on the nitr ogen digestibi l i ty . the toxic f act or s of bea n s k i l led all the a nimals be fore t he complet ion o f t he 10- day per iod ass ay . fe...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the utility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in diagnosing structural injury in primiparous women at risk for pelvic floor injury. METHODS This was an observational study of 77 women who underwent 3T MRI after delivery. Women were operationally defined as high risk (n = 45) for levator ani muscle tears (risk factors: second-stage labor > 150 min or < 30 min, anal sphi...

A protein synthesis inhibitor, anisomycin (ANI), and an inhibitor of glycoprotein synthesis, 2-deoxygalactose (2-D-gal), were used to investigate memory consolidation following visual categorization training in 2-day-old chicks. ANI (0.6 micromole/chick) and 2-D-gal (40 micromoles/chick) were injected intracerebrally at different time intervals from 1 hr before to 23 hr after the training. Rete...

Rhizobium aethiopicum sp. nov. is a newly proposed species within the genus Rhizobium. This species includes six rhizobial strains; which were isolated from root nodules of the legume plant Phaseolus vulgaris growing in soils of Ethiopia. The species fixes nitrogen effectively in symbiosis with the host plant P. vulgaris, and is composed of aerobic, Gram-negative staining, rod-shaped bacteria. ...