BackgroundAnti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is an autoimmune nervous system disease that has become increasingly recognized. This retrospective study aimed to analyze the relations between clinical manifestations and blood brain barrier (BBB) integrity in anti-NMDAR patients.MethodsAnti-NMDAR patients were admitted First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical Universi...

Objective The objective of this study was to report the identification antibodies against glutamate kainate receptor subunit 2 (GluK2-abs) in patients with autoimmune encephalitis, and describe clinical-immunological features antibody effects. Methods Two sera from 8 similar rat brain immunostaining were used precipitate antigen neuronal cultures. A cell-based assay (CBA) GluK2-expressing HEK29...

As a kind of autoimmune encephalitis which was just identified, the clinical manifestations of the anti-N methyl-D aspartate (anti-NMDA) receptor encephalitis are complex, diverse and in severe condition. The immunotherapy has shown good effect on the treatment but in generally, the diagnosis and treatment are still in the experience accumulation stage. More clinical research in different popul...

A 19-year-old man developed rapidly progressive muscle weakness and dysesthesia in the extremities, and dyspnea after a flu-like episode. Nerve conduction studies showed reduced motor nerve conduction velocities with conduction block, and sensory nerve action potentials could not be evoked. The patient was diagnosed as having Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), and was treated with 2 cycles of intra...

There is emerging interest in autoimmune epilepsy, which represents a small but potentially treatable form of epilepsy. Most insights into autoimmune epilepsy derive from the recent descriptions of autoimmune encephalitis that takes two general forms: a focal encephalitis (such as limbic) or a diffuse encephalitis (such as anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor [NMDAR] encephalitis). The features o...

OBJECTIVE To clarify the most frequent modalities of use of plasma exchange (PE) in pediatric anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis and to establish the most effective association with other immunotherapies. METHODS Systematic literature review on PE in pediatric anti-NMDAR encephalitis (2007-2015). RESULTS Seventy-one articles were included (mostly retrospective), re...

Landmark work from the first decade of the 21st century describing specific antibodies associated with inflammatory disorders of the CNS has revolutionized child neurology. Of particular interest has beenNMDA receptor antibody–related encephalitis (NMDARencephalitis), which was originally described in a small cohort of women with ovarian teratoma. It is now recognized that children represent mo...

Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is an immune mediated condition with characteristic clinical presentation. We report the first case from Borneo, Sabah and the use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in treating recalcitrant psychiatrist symptoms associated with this condition.

BACKGROUND Data on encephalitis in Thailand have not been completely described. Etiologies remain largely unknown. We prospectively analyzed 103 Thai patients from 27 provinces for the causes of encephalitis using clinical, microbiological and neuroimaging indices; caseswithout a diagnosis were evaluated for autoimmune causes of encephalitis. METHODS Patients with encephalitis and/or myelitis...