2-Phenoxyethanol (2-PE) is a biocide used as a preservative in pharmaceutical, cosmetic and perfumery formulations. It is known for its rapid bactericidal effect against a wide range of bacteria. In the present study, clinical samples of multi drug resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli were grown in an increasing sub-minimal inhibitory concentration of 2-PE to observe if a...

BACKGROUND In this study, we investigated the relationship between changes in antibiotic resistance and distribution of staphylococcal cassette chromosome (SCC) types amongst methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates expressing the most frequently encountered profiles of antibiotic resistance over an 11 year period in the University Hospital of Rennes, France. METHODS Antibi...

Antibiotic tolerance - the ability for prolonged survival under bactericidal treatments - is a potentially clinically significant phenomenon that is commonly overlooked in the clinical microbiology laboratory. Recent in vitro experiments show that high tolerance can evolve under intermittent antibiotic treatments in as little as eight exposures to high doses of antibiotics, suggesting that tole...

BACKGROUND We examined how prolonged antibiotic treatment affected the resistance and mutation frequency of human microflora isolated from intestine (Escherichia coli, enterococci spp.), pharynx (alpha-streptococci) and nostril (coagulase-negative staphylococci, CoNS). METHODS Samples were collected from patients at the Center of Cystic Fibrosis (n=18) and the haematology ward (n=18) of the U...

There is a growing concern by regulatory authorities for the selection of antibiotic resistance caused by the use of biocidal products. We aimed to complete the detailed information on large surveys by investigating the relationship between biocide and antibiotic susceptibility profiles of a large number of Staphylococcus aureus isolates using four biocides and antibiotics commonly used in clin...

There is an error in the penultimate sentence of the “Detection of blaNDM-1 positive isolates” subsection of the Results. The correct sentence is: These isolates were collected from 8 individual patients, consisting of 5 male (62.5%) and 3 female (37.5%) with a mean age of 29.7 years, including 2 infants (ECL-2, ECL-36). There is an error in Table 2, “Characteristics of blaNDM-1-positive E. clo...

The agar dilution technique was used for determination of the antibiotic susceptibilities of 57 oral isolates and 2 nonoral isolates of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. Tetracycline, minocycline, and chloramphenicol inhibited more than 96% of the strains tested at a concentration of less than or equal to 2 micrograms/ml; 89% of the strains were inhibited by 2 micrograms of carbenicillin pe...