This paper discusses a construction found in contemporary Arabic vernaculars (but not in Modern Standard Arabic (henceforth MSA)) which constitutes an instance of a common grammaticalisation path in which a posture verb with a core lexical meaning of ‘sitting’ has grammaticalised into an ASPECTual marker. We bring together data from a range of dialects and provide substantial evidence of gramma...

We aimed to assess the short-term outcomes of per-oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) compared with laparoscopic Heller myotomy (LHM) for achalasia through a meta-analysis of nonrandomized comparative studies.We searched PubMed, Embase, Medline, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar for studies that compared POEM and LHM for achalasia and were published between January 1, 2008 and December 31, 2014. ...

In this article, we present a new lexical database for Modern Standard Arabic: Aralex. Based on a contemporary text corpus of 40 million words, Aralex provides information about (1) the token frequencies of roots and word patterns, (2) the type frequency, or family size, of roots and word patterns, and (3) the frequency of bigrams, trigrams in orthographic forms, roots, and word patterns. Arale...

Unknown words, or out of vocabulary words (OOV), cause a significant problem to morphological analysers, syntactic parses, MT systems and other NLP applications. Unknown words make up 29 % of the word types in in a large Arabic corpus used in this study. With today's corpus sizes exceeding 10 9 words, it becomes impossible to manually check corpora for new words to be included in a lexicon. We ...

ahmad moharram is one of the contemporary poets who felt poverty and deprivation along his life. since his view toward life is a realistic one, so his literature is a realistic one that can be a whole mirror of his contemporary society. since nationalism and patriotism is one of the prominent indices of realistic literature, so this essay tries to analyze national morale of this poet. poem and ...

extended abstract 1. introduction the present article is an attempt to analyze the emotional signification of poems; 1) does a poem exert emotional signification by itself just like a text produced within the language network, independent of the poet’s emotional experiences and audience’s comprehension? 2) does it reflect the signification of the poet’s emotions?, or 3) does it find emotional s...

Sundown of the twentieth century saw the emergence of the World Wide Web. A decade later, semantic web (SW) envisioned enriching of web-accessible information and services with machine-processable semantics to solve the problems of information management and sharing which are aroused by the success of the web. However, success of the SW largely depends on the availability of formal ontologies f...

Despite renewed interest in roles played by Christianity in the poetry of Elizabeth Barrett Browning (EBB), few scholars have discussed her treatment of the body of Christ—understood as both the figure of Christ and his body of followers—in her antislavery poem, “The Runaway Slave at Pilgrim’s Point”. This article argues that “The Runaway Slave” reworks portrayals of the body of Christ in trans...

BACKGROUND High-resolution manometry (HRM) has improved the accuracy of manometry in detecting achalasia and has helped distinguish between clinically relevant subtypes. This study investigated whether HRM metrics correlate with the achalasia symptoms and symptomatic outcomes of peroral esophageal myotomy (POEM). METHODS Of the 30 patients who were enrolled, 25 were treated with POEM, 12 of w...