INTRODUCTION Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is characterized by a lack of response in the distal nephron to the antidiuretic hormone arginine vasopressin. Manifestations include polyuria, polydipsia, hyposthenuria, recurrent episodes of dehydration and fever and growth failure. Most cases are caused by mutations in the AVPR2 gene. The mutant receptors are trapped intracellularly. METHOD We st...

b i t m t p h g a ASOPRESSIN (VP) WAS DISCOVERED in 1895 from the extract of the posterior pituitary and named for the arly observation of its vasoconstrictive properties.1 The eptide is present in various species, both invertebrate and ertebrate, with only minor variations in amino acid seuence. Human VP contains the amino acid arginine, hence he name arginine vasopressin. It is alternatively ...

Several factors interact to maintain precise control of electrolyte transport in the mammalian cortical collecting duct. We have studied the effects of deoxycorticosterone, arginine vasopressin, and bradykinin on net transepithelial sodium and potassium transport in isolated, perfused rat cortical collecting ducts. Chronic administration of deoxycorticosterone to rats increased both sodium abso...

The effect of inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) synthesis on the responses of blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) during hemorrhaging was examined with the use of an NO synthase inhibitor, N G-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME), in conscious rats. In the 0.9% saline group, hemorrhage (10 ml/kg body wt) did not alter BP but significantly increased ...

Arginine vasopressin is a nine-amino acid neuropeptide hormone important in the regulation of water metabolism. It also may have a role in other physiological functions, such as blood pressure regulation and the response to stress. Whole animal studies have provided a good understanding of vasopressin physiology and regulation of the normal vasopressin gene, and in vitro cell culture studies ha...

In the renal collecting duct, vasopressin increases osmotic water permeability (P(f)) by triggering trafficking of aquaporin-2 vesicles to the apical plasma membrane. We investigated the role of vasopressin-induced intracellular Ca(2+) mobilization in this process. In isolated inner medullary collecting ducts (IMCDs), vasopressin (0.1 nm) and 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-cAMP (0.1 mm) elicited marked...

Vasodilatory Shock To the Editor: In the article by Dünser et al1 on vasopressin in patients with vasodilatory shock, the authors reported that vasopressin is a pressor agent as efficient as norepinephrine but causing fewer arrhythmias. However, we feel that the conclusion that the combination of norepinephrine and vasopressin proved superior to the infusion of norepinephrine alone is not suppo...

CLINICALCHEMISTRY, Vol. 39, No. 9, 1993 2023 4. Navarro JA, Parra OE, Romero RA. Aluminum determination in whole blood, dialysis solution, and tap water samples from Maracaibo dialysis units (Venezuela) by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. J Trace Elem Electrolytes Health Dis 1988;2:3-8. 5. Granadfflo VA, Navarro JA, Campos SR,Avila Mayor A, Cardozo J, Romero RA. Total metal cont...

Gitelman et al. (1) suggest the natural occurrence in the bovine posterior pituitary of two different N-terminal "hormonogen" forms of arginine vasopressin. Since both hormonogens were found to be natriuretic, there is an implication that they may be related to "natriuretic hormone." This stimulates not so much comment as questions, since were this concept shown to be valid much of what we thou...

Arginine vasopressin (AVP) plays a major role in the homeostasis of fluid balance, vascular tonus, and the regulation of the endocrine stress response. The measurement of AVP levels is difficult due to its short half-life and laborious method of detection. Copeptin is a more stable peptide derived from the same precursor molecule, is released in an equimolar ratio to AVP, and has a very similar...