A synchrotron radiation (SR) facility typically consists of an injector, a storage ring, and SR beamlines. The latter two features are unique to SR facilities, when compared to other types of accelerator facilities. The SR facilities have the characteristics of low injection beam power, but high stored beam power. The storage ring is generally above ground with people occupying the experimental...

Oxygen-isotope composition of the solar wind returned by GENESIS indicates that the Sun is 16 O-rich (Δ 17 O SMOW = −26±6‰) [1], supporting one of predictions of the CO self-shielding models [2−4]. The self-shielding models [3,4] assume that both the solids and gas were similarly 16 O-rich (Δ 17 O ~ −25‰), and solids subsequently evolved towards the terrestrial value as a result of CO self-shie...

The physics of helium and argon rf discharges have been investigated in the pressure range from 50 to 760 Torr. The plasma source consists of metal electrodes that are perforated to allow the gas to flow through them. Current and voltage plots were obtained at different purity levels and it was found that trace impurities do not affect the shape of the curves. The electron temperature was calcu...

In this research, Quantum-mechanical calculations were performed at the HF method with the 6-31+G*basis set and at the B3LYP method with the 6-31+G* basis set in the gas phase and five solvents such as water, DMSO, methanol, ethanol and dichloromethane at six temperatures. According to these theoretical results of IR, we extracted thermo chemical parameters such as enthalpy (∆H Kcal/mol), Gibbs...

Lasers are the principle light sources of flow cytometers. Most modern benchtop instruments feature air-cooled argon-ion laser emitting 10-25 mW of light at 488 nm. This unit covers the various types of lasers available and the qualities that make them suitable or unsuitable for use in flow cytometers. Also included is a discussion of future directions, particularly in the development of solid-...

Density functional theory methods(DFT) and natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis were used to investigate the effects of isomerism and side chain mutation at a microscopic level on the stability, binding energy and NMR/NQR tensors of structural isomers, L- methionylasparagine (Met-Asn) and L- asparagylmethionine (Asn-Met) in the gas phase. The results represented that the isomerism and side chain...

The composition of the gas mixture secreted into the swim-bladders of several species of fish has been determined in the mass spectrometer. The secreted gas differed greatly from the gas mixture breathed by the fish in the relative proportions of the chemically inert gases, argon, neon, helium, and nitrogen. Relative to nitrogen the proportion of the very soluble argon was increased and the pro...

Success of the puff-and-pump radiating divertor approach depends sensitively on both the divertor magnetic geometry and the ion B B drift direction. In the puff-and-pump scenario used in this study, argon impurities were injected into the private flux region, while plasma flows into both the inner and outer divertors were enhanced by a combination of particle pumping near both divertor targets ...

From the point of view of radiation safety, interstellar space is not empty. Neutral and ionized interstellar gas and cosmic rays consisting of H and He-nucleons constitute radiation hazard aboard relativistic interstellar ships. Relativistic aberration of cosmic rays is evaluated and radiation doses from oncoming relativistic flow of interstellar gas and cosmic rays are estimated. Necessary sh...