Two non-obese patients suffering from hypersomnia with periodic breathing, who presented predominantly obstructive apnoea persisting throughout sleep, underwent tracheotomy with placement of a permanent tracheal cannula. Before tracheostomy there was a serious state of alveolar hypoventilation with a marked rise in pulmonary arterial pressure which appeared during sleep. After tracheostomy brea...

ulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), defined as a mean pulmonary arterial pressure greater than 25 mmHg at rest detected by right heart catheterization (RHC),1,2 is a fatal disease caused by small pulmonary artery obstruction as a result of vascular proliferation and remodeling.3,4 PAH is characterized by markedly elevated pulmonary artery pressure and increased pulmonary vascular resistance (...

The effects of repeated pulmonary embolisms with glass spheres on systemic and right intracavitary pressures and on arterial oxygen saturation of anesthetized dogs are described. The results of studies of intact dogs and of the isolated perfused left lower lobe indicate that the hemodynamic effects were due to mechanical obstruction to the flow of blood through the lungs eventually followed by ...

We report three consecutive patients with limb ischemia, where symptoms appeared several days to weeks prior to presentation. In all cases, initial over-the-wire thrombectomy failed due to adherence of the thrombus to the arterial wall. We adopted a new approach of stretching the whole obstructed segment by a series of ballooning using a percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) catheter. A s...

Cooling intrathoracic airways by filling the pulmonary circulation with cold blood alters pulmonary mechanoreceptor discharge. To determine whether this initiates reflex changes that could contribute to airway obstruction, we measured changes in tracheal smooth muscle tension and bronchial arterial flow evoked by cooling. In nine chloralose-anesthetized open-chest dogs, the right pulmonary arte...

Accidental intra-arterial injection of intramuscular antibiotic preparations is described in 3 cases in infants. In 2 benzathine penicillin was injected, and in 1 rolitetracycline. The clinical features are dominated by arteriolar obstruction which produces gangrene of the most severely affected limb. In addition, neuroloigcal involvement occurs when vessels to nerves or spinal cord are involve...

Since obstruction to left ventricular (LV) outflow in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) is dynamic, whereas that in discrete aortic stenosis is fixed, the shape of the transaortic pressure gradient should be characteristically altered in HOCM and thereby provide a means of differentiating these two disparate types of aortic stenosis. In all 22 HOCM patients, peak arterial pulse alw...

An 11-year-old girl was found to have completely obstructed left pulmonary veins eight years following corrective surgery for transposition of the great arteries. The patient was acyanotic and asymptomatic. Retrograde flow of arterial blood from the affected left lung accounted for an angiographic appearance that mimicked occlusion of the left pulmonary artery and resulted from a failure of sys...