religious view point is a part of social character structure. the religion is made of two parts: the first part is the legal section which is documented by the religious texts and prays and the second part is the issues that the social life has influence on them such as superstition, myths and traditions. one of the phenomenon which have been created because of the social traditions entrance is...

Although there is an increasing consensus within the research community that entrepreneurship should be perceived as an organising process involving many, little attention has been paid to the genuinely collective features of entrepreneurship. Here entrepreneurship is presented as a phenomenon that is as much the outcome of a joint effort as an individual endeavour. Different images of collecti...

about half a century ago, following the introduction of urban sprawl up concept, various studies have been conducted to describe the mechanism and the formation of this phenomenon. some of these studies aimed at finding the negative and positive impacts of such phenomenon on urban area with emphasis on how such concept may be looked open from environmental, economical and social perspectives.th...

information dissemination throughout the society is carried out by a phenomenon called news. this phenomenon is in relation to various social institutions as well as different aspects of people’s lives. in the present article, the writers believe that, firstly, the phenomenon of news, despite the operations carried out to disseminate and present it, has material value and that its economic valu...

Many philosophers have discussed the normative significance of personal relationships. The implicit focus of most of these discussions is on the normative significance of active, ongoing relationships. But, of course, all relationships end eventually. This article focuses on relationships that end through the death of one of the participants. A relationship that has ended in this way can still ...

The concept of "gentrification" is becoming an important and widespread phenomenon in most of the world's cities, both developed and developing. Consequently, many people have forcibly left their places or have lived at a higher cost. Therefore this phenomenon has become one of the most controversial issues of urban studies in recent years and can be analyzed as an influential and underlying fa...

This paper treats computation as a game process. We place an algorithm within a single computational domain. The domain structure is a graphical structure with the moves of the game representing vertices. The algorithmic process evolves through these moves. The noise of the physical computing device manifests a mesoscopic system. The algorithmic process is imbedded as part of this system. The e...

“Freedom” is a phenomenon in the natural world. This phenomenon – and indirectly the question of free will – is explored using a variety of systems-theoretic ideas. It is argued that freedom can emerge only in systems that are partially determined and partially random, and that freedom is a matter of degree. The paper considers types of freedom and their conditions of possibility in simple livi...