Future human missions to the Moon and Mars will require astronauts perform science-focused surface exploration in complex geological environments. However, scientific expertise required for these activities is uncommon astronaut corps. PANGAEA (Planetary ANalogue Geological Astrobiological Exercise Astronauts) a field training course designed by European Space Agency (ESA) that addresses topics...

Using artificial gravity (AG) as a physiological countermeasure for astronauts during spaceflight has been discussed and researched decades; however, today there still exists lack of optimized AG design. The enclosed work critically analyzes the existing literature bedrest studies (a ground-based analog microgravity) to provide insight into benefit using counteract deconditioning.

BACKGROUND Long duration spaceflight (i.e., 22 days or longer) has been associated with changes in sensorimotor systems, resulting in difficulties that astronauts experience with posture control, locomotion, and manual control. The microgravity environment is an important causal factor for spaceflight induced sensorimotor changes. Whether spaceflight also affects other central nervous system fu...

Human long duration exploration missions (LDEMs) raise a number of technological challenges. This paper addresses the question crew autonomy: as distances increase, communication delays and constraints tend to prevent astronauts from being monitored supported by real time ground control. Eventually, future planetary will necessarily require form astronaut self-scheduling. We study usage compute...