1. Introduction The US CLIVAR (Climate Variability and Prediction) Program, now in its eighth year, was designed to investigate the season-to-season, year-to-year, and decade-to-decade fluctuations in the climate. These climate variations influence nearly all spheres of human activity: our clothing, shelter, and energy needs; our ability to grow crops and raise livestock for food and fiber; and...

The Atlantic Ocean is known to have higher sea surface salinity than the Pacific Ocean at all latitudes. This is thought to be associated with the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and deep water formation in the high latitude North Atlantic – a phenomenon not present anywhere in the Pacific. This asymmetry may be a result of salt transport in the ocean or an asymmetry in the surface ...

Unravelling the genetic structure and phylogeographic patterns of deep-sea sharks is particularly challenging given the inherent difficulty in obtaining samples. The deep-sea shark Centroscymnus crepidater is a medium-sized benthopelagic species that exhibits a circumglobal distribution occurring both in the Atlantic and Indo-Pacific Oceans. Contrary to the wealth of phylogeographic studies foc...

The last tropical connection between Atlantic and Indian-Pacific habitats closed c. 2 million years ago (Ma), with the onset of cold-water upwelling off southwestern Africa. Yet comparative morphology indicates more recent connections in several taxa, including reef-associated gobies (genus Gnatholepis). Coalescence and phylogenetic analyses of mtDNA cytochrome b sequences demonstrate that Gnat...

The relations of decadal to multidecadal (D2M) variability in global sea-surface temperatures (SSTs) with D2M variability in the flow of the Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB) are examined for the years 19062003. Results indicate that D2M variability of SSTs in the North Atlantic, North Pacific, tropical Pacific, and Indian Oceans is associated with D2M variability of the UCRB. A principal compo...

Citation: Taucher J, Bach LT, Boxhammer T, Nauendorf A, The Gran Canaria KOSMOS Consortium, Achterberg EP, Algueró-Muñiz M, Arístegui J, Czerny J, Esposito M, Guan W, Haunost M, Horn HG, Ludwig A, Meyer J, Spisla C, Sswat M, Stange P and Riebesell U (2017) Influence of Ocean Acidification and Deep Water Upwelling on Oligotrophic Plankton Communities in the Subtropical North Atlantic: Insights f...

This May, Bjørn Lomborg’s “Environmental Assessment Institute” published a report [Olsen and Buch, 2004] on the risk of ocean circulation changes in the Atlantic, to coincide with the release of Roland Emmerich’s Hollywood blockbuster The Day after Tomorrow (a film based on a shut-down of the North Atlantic Current). Given its lack of expertise on ocean circulation and climate, the Environmenta...

The family Platyischnopidae is herein reported for the first time in the Argentine Sea, South-West Atlantic Ocean. A new genus and species, Platyisao holodividum gen. et. sp. nov., collected off the coast of Buenos Aires and Río Negro provinces, is fully described and illustrated. Platyisao gen. nov. is distinguished from the eight other genera of Platyischnopidae by the gnathopods subchelate, ...

Climate has undergone both gradual and rapid changes, occurring in the timeframe of decades to millennia. Paleoclimatic research has made links between past abrupt climate change (ACC) events and major changes in North Atlantic thermohaline circulation. Since this ocean circulation system plays a key role in driving climate, remote sensing and space-based applications for studying ACC events in...

This study examines criteria for the existence of two stable states of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) using a combination of theory and simulations from a numerical coupled atmosphere– ocean climate model. By formulating a simple collection of state parameters and their relationships, the authors reconstruct the North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) OFF state behavior under a...