Phosphonates, compounds with a carbon–phosphorus bond, are a key component of the marine dissolved organic phosphorus pool1. These compounds serve as a phosphorus source for primary producers, including the nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria Trichodesmium2. Phosphonates can therefore support marine primary production, as well as climate-driven increases in marine nitrogen fixation3, carbon sequestra...

Leptospirillum ferriphilum plays a major role in acidic, metal rich environments where it represents one of the most prevalent iron oxidizers. These milieus include acid rock and mine drainage as well as biomining operations. Despite its perceived importance, no complete genome sequence of this model species' type strain is available, limiting the possibilities to investigate the strategies and...

In the present study, carbon species including organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) concentration in PM2.5 were assessed at an urban site of Tehran, Iran during March to June 2014. The PM2.5 samples were collected using an frmOMNITM Ambient Air Sampler. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to analyze OC and EC. The results showed that PM2.5 ...

Motivated by the rapid increase in atmospheric CO2 due to human activities since the Industrial Revolution, several international scientific research programs have analyzed the role of individual components of the Earth system in the global carbon cycle. Our knowledge of the carbon cycle within the oceans, terrestrial ecosystems, and the atmosphere is sufficiently extensive to permit us to conc...

Carbon dioxide and other 'greenhouse' gases continue to increase in the earth's atmosphere at a relatively rapid rate. Because of this, atmospheric general circulation models predict substantial increases in atmospheric temperature and changes in regional precipitation patterns by the later part of this century.. . Scientific evidence already indicates that the earth's near-surface temperature ...

moisture and air pollutions intensify metallic and nonmetallic surface corrosions. corroded surfaces exposed to rain washing cause pollution transportation in water and soil environment, especially in industrial areas. investigation of storm runoff quality in pars special economic energy zone (pseez) has shown heavy metals in storm basins of gas refineries and petrochemical industries.in this p...

Microalgae are a natural source of high-value compounds for the pharmaceutical and food industry, such as bioactive compounds, vitamins, pigments and fatty acids.1 In addition, in the long term, algae culture may be useful for production of clean fuels. Photosynthetic algal culture is carried out in photobioreactors that may be illuminated naturally (outdoor) or artificially (indoor). Availabil...

The relationship of triazine resistance to decreased plant productivity was investigated in Senecio vulgaris L. F(1) reciprocal hybrids were developed from pure-breeding susceptible (S) and resistant (R) lines. The four biotypes (S, S x R, R, R x S) were compared in terms of atrazine response, electron transport, carbon fixation, and biomass production. Atrazine response, carbon fixation rate, ...

The sunlight-driven conversion of carbon dioxide into organic matter fuels nearly all life on Earth. The enzyme Rubisco catalyses the fixation of carbon dioxide in photosynthesis, and thereby serves as the entry point for inorganic carbon into the biosphere. Rubisco limits biomass accumulation when sunlight is plentiful, and has therefore been heavily targeted in bioengineering efforts to boost...

[1] The authors examine the observed relationships between large-scale climate variability and concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) in the Southern Hemisphere. The results reveal that month-to-month variations in the rate of change of atmospheric CO2 at Palmer Station on the Antarctic Peninsula are significantly related to fluctuations in the dominant mode of Southern Hemisphere a...