Basic entrainment equations applicable to the sheared convective boundary layer (CBL) are derived by assuming an inversion layer with a finite depth, i.e., the first-order jump model. Large-eddy simulation data are used to determine the constants involved in the parameterizations of the entrainment equations. Based on the integrated turbulent kinetic energy budget from surface to the top of the...

in this study variations of field data such as temperature, salinity and density in and across the transects of chahbahar bay were analyzed using ctd data acquired between winter 2006 and spring 2007 (winter monsoon).the results showed that thermocline layer intensify in mouth of bay between 2m and 6m with 7.81 ?c decrease before the gonou hurricane occured (mid-may 2007). below thermocline lay...

A number of observations have shown that Rayleigh scattering by aerosols dominates the transmission spectrum of HD 189733b at wavelengths shortward of 1 �m. In this study, we retrieve a range of aerosol distributions consistent with transmission spectroscopy between 0.3-24 �m that were recently re-analyzed by Pont et al. To constrain the particle size and the optical depth of the aerosol layer,...

52 years of data (1949-2000) from the NCEP-NCAR reanalysis are used to investigate mechanisms involved in forcing and damping of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) variability in the South Atlantic Ocean. Organized patterns of coupled ocean-atmosphere variability are identified using EOF and SVD analyses. The leading mode of coupled variability consists of an SST pattern with a strong northeast-sout...

Abstract The transition layer in the trades has long been observed and simulated, but physical processes producing its structure remain little investigated. Using extensive observations from Elucidating Role of Clouds–Circulation Coupling Climate (EUREC 4 A) field campaign, we propose a new conceptual picture trade wind layer, occurring between mixed-layer top (around 550 m) subcloud-layer 700 ...

Turbulence and coherent circulation structures, such as submesoscale and mesoscale eddies, convective plumes and Langmuir cells, play a critical role in shaping phytoplankton spatial distribution and population dynamics. We use a framework of advection-reaction-diffusion equations to investigate the effects of turbulent transport on the phytoplankton population growth and its spatial structure ...