Abstract Many Canadian Muslim couples are hesitant to resort civil legal processes and attempt resolve their disputes within the religious community. Islamic law’s exclusion of non-Muslim judges from holding judicial authority in certain family law matters limits feasibility aligning commands with court orders. By extrapolating contemporary opinions ( fatāwā , sing. fatwā ) issued by institutio...

background and objectives: sele-ye rahem is a social behaviour that promotes social spirit, improves life expectancy and physical and mental health. seleh-ye rahem means maintaining supporting and friendly relationships with one’s physical arham (family members and relatives) and spiritual arham (consisting of the prophet, the infallible imams, religious scholars and imam’s descendants or sadat...