Introduction Unroofed coronary sinus is a rare congenital anomaly that may alter the complex anatomy of the atrioventricular (AV) node. Arrhythmia circuits occurring among these patients may not be located in the usual position, especially those circuits involving the AV node. We report a case of the coexistence of this uncommon coronary sinus (CS) anomaly and the atypical form of atrioventricu...

This is a study of the course of the conduction system in two cases of hypoplasia of the aortic tract complex, one with mitral stenosis and the other with mitral atresia. In both there was a posterior atrioventricular (AV) node which formed the AV bundle. In case 1 the bundle was short and bifurcated early. The branching bundle gave off a large left bundle branch (LBB), many Mahaim fibers to th...

OBJECTIVES To clarify the prevalence and mechanism of supraventricular tachycardia in patients with right atrial isomerism. BACKGROUND Paired SA and dual atrioventricular (AV) nodes have been described in patients with right atrial isomerism. However, the clinical significance remains unclear. METHODS From 1987 to 1996, a total of 101 patients (61 male, 40 female) and four fetuses were iden...

Patients with congenital heart disease often present unique challenges, especially in the electrophysiology laboratory. Here we present a case of a patient with medically refractory symptomatic atrial tachycardia, tricuspid atresia and a history of a modified Fontan procedure. The approach of an AV node ablation for palliation in our patient was met with challenges in identification of a His-bu...

A theoretical model, formulated as a finite difference equation is proposed for rate-dependent conduction properties of the atrioventricular (AV) node. The AV nodal conduction time, which is defined as the time interval from the atrial activation to the activation of the bundle of His, depends on the history of activation of the node. The theoretical model, which incorporates physiological conc...

Electrophysiologic studies using the His bundle electrogram (HBE) and histologic studies of serial sections of the conduction system were correlated in two groups of deceased patients. Group 1 consisted of five patients with chronic complete atrioventricular block (CAVB) who had narrow QRS complexes and AH block (block proximal to the His bundle deflection). Group 2 consisted of four patients w...

The hypothesis that human atrioventricular (AV) nodal function can be modulated selectively with a new technique of AV nodal artery catheterization was tested in eight subjects referred for diagnostic cardiac catheterization or electrophysiological studies. Three patients had no history of arrhythmias. Three patients had supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) due to reentry confined to the AV node ...

Animal studies have suggested that spontaneous or programmed ventricular beats that occur simultaneously with atrial activation may facilitate atrioventricular (AV) nodal conduction during subsequent atrial impulses. However, this possibility has not been systematically studied in the human heart. In the present study the AV nodal conduction during a programmed atrial premature beat (S2) was an...

introduction: despite extensive studies about effects of crataegus monogyna on cardiovascular diseases yet, a few study has been undertaken antiarrhythmic property of this plant. aims of the present study were: 1) to determine the protective role of methanolic extract of c.monogyna on the rate-dependent model and the concealed conduction . 2) to explore the role of na+-k+ a tpase in the protect...