Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of microwaving, autoclaving (moist heating), and roasting (dry heating) on gas production parameters and in situ rumen degradability of soybean meal (SBM). SBM was treated by roasting at 140℃ for 30 and 60 min, and at 160℃ for 30 and 60 min, autoclaving at 121℃ for 20 min, and microwaving for 2, 4, and 6 min. A gas production trial...

Two species of earthworms, Lumbricus terrestris and Eisenia fetida, were used to de-clog sand filters purifying domestic sewage. The experimental set-up consisted of 6 filtration columns (4 research filters and 2 control filters) filled with fine sand (d60=0.2 mm, d10=0.1 mm). The sewage parameters at inflow to the filters were typical of the septic tank effluent. The filters were fed about 5.5...

Two metabolism studies were conducted with 24 (Exp. 1) and 36 (Exp. 2) crossbred barrows (initial weight 35 kg) to determine the effect of corn type--normal corn (NC) and high-lysine corn (HLC)--and storage method--dry (D), high-moisture (HM) and reconstituted (RC)--on energy and N digestibility. Diets fed in Exp. 1 were: 1, NC-soybean meal formulated at .78% lysine (dry matter basis); 2, HLC-s...

Pelibuey sheep is the main breed in the tropical and subtropical regions of Mexico, and high demand of sheep meat has favored the finishing of lambs in feedlots with diets containing high levels of grains. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of exogenous enzymes (EE) and application method on nutrient intake and digestibility and performance of growing Pelibuey lambs. Treatm...

introduction using agricultural-industrial waste is one way to overcome the shortage of animal feed. potato is one of the most important products in the world after rice, wheat and maize. potato pulp is a by-product which remains after extraction of starch, and can be used as animal feed. because of the high moisture content of the potato pulp, silage is the best way to maintain it. however, it...

Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) provides an opportunity to measure cowspecific organic matter digestibility (OMD) from fecal samples. In this study individual digestibility measurements from a trial with 47 cows were investigated. Digestibility increased when lactation progressed. The repeatability estimates between different lactation stages were low which suggests that several f...

Hetero-yellow (Hu red (RED) and brown (BR, high tannin) sorghums were fed dry-rolled or reconstituted (RED and BR only) to evaluate the effect of variety and reconstitution on the site and extent of starch and protein digestion in steers fitted with ruminal, duodenal and ileal cannulae. Processed grains were incorporated into 88% sorghum (DM basis) diets fed at 2% of body weight in a 5 • 5 Lati...

in this study, the ability of generalized additive model (gam) for mapping potential distribution of ferula ovina boiss, and the description of species response curves to environmental variables were examined in fereidonshar region with area of 1000 square kilometers located in west of isfahan province. the presence and absence data of the species were collected from 278 sites (including 138 pr...