There is a consensus of opinion among proponents of theories of achievement goals that people may choose to pursue two different types of goals: mastery goals that focus on developing competence through task mastery and learning and performance goals that focus on demonstrating competence by outperforming others (Ames and Archer, 1987; Dweck and Leggett, 1988; Nicholls, 1989; Ames, 1992; Pintri...

• We investigated temporal relationships and domain specificity of goal pursuit. 681 German faculty members were surveyed 4 times across two years. Mastery strivings reciprocally linked with teaching research performance. Primarily goals mattered for the development burnout levels. Burnout levels in turn impacted subsequent goals. Motivation plays a central role members’ professional lives—with...

In this paper, the uses of types and type inference in visual languages are explored. First, we discuss how the goals of a type system must differ for visual languages from those of a type system for textual languages. We then present a type system developed under these goals for the visual language Forms/3. Within the context of this system, issues of particular importance in visual languages ...

Multiple independent robots sharing the workspace need to be able to navigate to their goals while avoiding collisions with each other. In this paper, we describe and evaluate two algorithms for smooth and collision-free navigation for multiple independent differential-drive robots. We extend reciprocal collision avoidance algorithms based on velocity obstacles and on acceleration-velocity obst...

Background: Understanding leisure time physical inactivity is a priority in Westernized nations where participation rates are low. The present study sought to address this priority by examining whether the extraversion and emotional instability to leisure time exercise relationships were mediated through Elliot’s (1999) 2 2 achievement goals. Methods: Participants were 116 female and 97 male vo...

OBJECTIVE The fear-avoidance (FA) model of chronic pain describes how individuals experiencing acute pain may become trapped into a vicious circle of chronic disability and suffering. We propose to extend the FA model by adopting a motivational perspective on chronic pain and disability. METHODS A narrative review. RESULTS There is ample evidence to support the validity of the FA model as o...

Researchers have suggested that self-efficacy and goal orientation are context specific variables, however, few research have addressed these variables in technology-enhanced learning environments. This study examined changes in 549 middle school students’ goal orientation, self-efficacy, and science knowledge after engaging in science learning in a technology-rich environment. Also explored wa...

BACKGROUND Understanding and addressing the needs of frail persons is an emerging health priority for Nova Scotia and internationally. Primary healthcare (PHC) providers regularly encounter frail persons in their daily clinical work. However, routine identification and measurement of frailty is not standard practice and, in general, there is a lack of awareness about how to identify and respond...