OBJECTIVE Neuroendocrine abnormalities, such as activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, are associated with obesity; however, few large-scale population-based studies have examined HPA axis and markers of obesity. We examined the cross-sectional association of the cortisol awakening response (CAR) and diurnal salivary cortisol curve with obesity. DESIGN AND METHODS The Mu...

PURPOSE Abnormal regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and diurnal cortisol rhythms are associated with several pain and chronic inflammatory conditions. Chronic stress may have a role in the disorder of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome related to initiation or exacerbation of the syndrome. We tested the hypothesis that men with chronic pelvic pain syndrome have ...

BACKGROUND The Bispectral Index (BIS) has been calibrated for several general anaesthetic agents including isoflurane. Halothane is still used in paediatric anaesthesia. Compared with other volatile anaesthetics, halothane has a different receptor affinity and differing effects on the EEG. There are limited data evaluating the BIS with halothane. We set out to compare the BIS using halothane an...

Background: Accurate detection of deep sleep (Due to the low frequency of the brain signal in this part of sleep, it is also called slow-wave sleep) from awakening increases the sleep staging accuracy as an important factor in medicine. Depending on the time and cost of manually determining the depth of sleep, we can automatically determine the depth of sleep by electroencephalogram (EEG) signa...

: C O d Indeed, its very existence also has implications for tackling much broader questions about how intracellular parasites evolved from algae, and whether the single origin of these plastids can be pushed even farther back in time to explain the origin of an even greater diversity of complex algae with red algal plastids, as proposed by the ‘chromalveolate hypothesis’. The discovery of an o...

Background Previous studies have shown that the mammalian thalamus is a key structure for anesthesia-induced unconsciousness and anesthesia-awakening regulation. However, both the dynamic characteristics and probable lateralization of thalamic functioning during anesthesia-awakening regulation are not fully understood, and little is known of the evolutionary basis of the role of the thalamus in...

PURPOSE The study aimed to investigate the course and duration of neuroendocrine recovery after 2-week 12-h day and night shift working periods and to study whether there were differences in recovery between the shift groups. METHODS Twenty-nine male offshore employees working 2-week 12-h shift tours participated in the study; 15 participated after a day shift tour and 14 after a night shift ...

OBJECTIVE This study examined cortisol in adolescents with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) compared to healthy adolescents and changes in cortisol after cognitive behavioural guided self-help treatment. Exploratory analyses investigated the association between cortisol output and psychological variables. METHODS Salivary cortisol was measured upon awakening, at 15, 30, 45 and 60 min afterwards...