Angioedema secondary to C1 inhibitor deficiency has been rarely reported to be associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. A genetic defect of C1 inhibitor produces hereditary angioedema, which is usually presented with cutaneous painless edema, but edema of the genital area, gastrointestinal and laryngeal tracts have also been reported.In lupus patients, angioedema may be the result of an ac...

Small GTPases of the Rab family represent an attractive target for microbial pathogens due to their role in controlling many aspects of intracellular cargo transport. Legionella pneumophila is an intravacuolar pathogen that survives inside host cells by manipulating protein trafficking pathways through a number of effector proteins secreted by the bacterium. These act as functional mimics of ho...

Pathogen attachment to host cells is a key process during infection, and inhibition of pathogen adhesion is a promising approach to the prevention of infectious disease. We have previously shown that multivalent adhesion molecules (MAMs) are abundant in both pathogenic and commensal bacterial species, mediate early attachment to host cells, and can contribute to virulence. Here, we investigated...

Carnosic acid (CA) is a diterpene compound exhibiting antioxidative, anticancer, anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-metabolic disorder, and hepatoprotective and neuroprotective activities. In this study, the effect of CA on various skin inflammatory responses and its inhibitory mechanism were examined. CA strongly suppressed the production of IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1 from keratinocyte HaCaT ...

The idea of smart corrosion inhibition is basis on either inhibitor consumption where it is needed or reducing harmful matrix interaction with it. In addition, applying corrosion inhibitor in a coating causes many problems such as loss of inhibition capability, coating degradation, or both. A useful technique to overcome th...

Protease and virulence of the extracellular products (ECP) of Vibrio carchariae strain EmI82KL, a causative agent of gastroenteritis in Epinephelus coioides, cultured on different media were studied. The bacteria grown on peptone agar, nutrient agar or brain heart infusion agar produced higher protease activities than that grown on tryptic soy agar (TSA) in terms of protein content. The additio...

A great challenge is posed to the treatment of tuberculosis due to the evolution of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drugresistant (XDR) strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in recent times. The complex cell envelope of the bacterium contains unusual structures of lipids which protects the bacterium from host enzymes and escape immune response. To overcome the drug resistance, targeti...

Members of the serpin (serine proteinase inhibitor) superfamily have been identified in higher multicellular eukaryotes (plants and animals) and viruses but not in bacteria, archaea, or fungi. Thus, the ancestral serpin and the origin of the serpin inhibitory mechanism remain obscure. In this study we characterize 12 serpin-like sequences in the genomes of prokaryotic organisms, extending this ...

The bacterium capable of producing melanin pigment in the presence of L-tyrosine was isolated from crop field soil sample and identified as Klebsiella sp. GSK based on morphological, biochemical and 16S rDNA sequencing. The polymerization of this pigment occurs outside the cell wall, which has granular structure as melanin ghosts. The chemical characterization of pigment particles showed acid r...