ôbjective: substance abuse is commonly associated with psychiatric disorders including mood disorders (especially depression), personality disorders and psychosis. the purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of methadone on depressive symptoms of imprisoned intravenous substance user. methods: this semi-experimental study was conducted on intravenous drug abusers in pris...

BACKGROUND Prisoners have extremely high rates of smoking with rates 3-4 times higher than the general community. Many prisoners have used heroin. The aims of this study were to investigate the impact of heroin use on smoking cessation and the social determinants of health among prisoners. METHODS Secondary analysis of data from a randomised controlled trial of a multi-component smoking cessa...

Key points • Prisoners are often considered geriatric at the age of 50 or 55 years. • Plans should be made for the increasing use of health care services and medical care costs in the light of the growing number of older prisoners. • Consideration should be given to developing a geriatric, team-based model of care for older prisoners, particularly those with multimorbidity. • The medication lis...

BACKGROUND The population of ex-prisoners returning to their communities is large. Morbidity and mortality is increased during the period following release. Understanding utilization of emergency services by this population may inform interventions to reduce adverse outcomes. We examined Emergency Department utilization among a cohort of recently released prisoners. METHODS We linked Rhode Is...

Released prisoners diagnosed with psychotic disorders have elevated rates of violent reoffending risk and their exposure to adverse neighborhood environments may contribute to this risk. We identified all released sentenced prisoners in Sweden between 2003 and 2013 (n = 47226) and followed them up for a median period of 4.4 years. We identified prisoners who had ever been diagnosed with a psych...

OBJECTIVE To analyze the association between drug (DAD) and alcohol (AAD) abuse and dependency and criminal and clinical background by gender of prisoners in São Paulo, Brazil. METHOD Cross-sectional study, random sample stratified by administrative district, from which prisons and prisoners were selected via random, multistage sampling. Psychiatric diagnoses were made with the CIDI 2.1. Life...

Albert D. Biderman, Ph.D., Washington, D.C., is Senior Research Associate, Bureau of Social Science Research, Inc., Washington, D.C. He explored uses of crime statistics as social indicators in a recent monograph on Social Indicators and Goals (1966). His broader interest in the regulation of behavior by social codes is reflected in the books March to Calumny: American Prisoners in the Korean W...

BACKGROUND Incarcerated populations are at high risk for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, yet prisoners are not routinely screened or treated for HCV infection. Understanding the risk factors of HCV infection among prisoners could help improve HCV interventions. METHODS Prevalence and risk of HCV infection among 469 prisoners entering California State correctional facilities were assessed u...

Dating back to the sixties, researchers have used laboratory experiments to study how people actually might play particular games. Early work focused on simple games such as the prisoners’ dilemma and market trading environments. More recent work has broadened the scope of inquiry. These notes briefly survey a few of the many interesting experimental findings. Experimental work is useful for ex...

Background Prisoners are a vulnerable group within societies, and also threaten society due to their dangerous behavior. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between prisoners' personality disorders and their crime and substance use. Methods This was a descriptive-correlational study. The statistical population consisted of all prisoners of Kerman, Iran. Through...