In South Africa more than 32% of the population resides in only six metropolitan areas, and with rapid urbanization (exceeding 4% per annum) the quality of metropolitan city life will increasingly become an indication of the overall quality of life in the country. Some recent evaluations of the growth of South Africa’s urban areas have been negative, prophesizing increases in unemployment, pove...

Whether one is in one's native culture or abroad, one's personality can differ markedly from the personalities of the majority, thus failing to match the "cultural norm." Our studies examined how the interaction of individual- and cultural-level personality affects people's self-esteem and well-being. We propose a person-culture match hypothesis that predicts that when a person's personality ma...

La salud pública está en pleno cambio de paradigma. Los determinantes sociales de la salud (DSS) reemplazan el enfoque de riesgo de las últimas décadas. En estos determinantes se originan las desigualdades en salud como una brecha en las condiciones en que las personas nacen, se desarrollan y trabajan, crecen y envejecen. Esta perspectiva de los DSS enfatiza que la salud de las personas y socie...

OBJECTIVES To investigate the correlation between exposure of footballers in European clubs to match play in the months before the World Cup 2002 and their injuries and performances during that World Cup. METHODS The team doctors at 11 of the best football clubs in Europe prospectively recorded players' exposure and injuries during the 2001-2002 season (July 2001-May 2002). Sixty five players...

Given the relatively large body of literature documenting the adverse impacts of institutionalization on children's developmental outcomes and well-being, it is essential that countries work towards reducing the number of children in alternative care (particularly institutional care), and, when possible, reunite children with their families. In order to do so, reliable estimates of the numbers ...

We welcome the response by Fattorini et al. (1), which opens up discussion on the many possible factors influencing how children use their local environments. Fattorini et al. argue that our study (2) fails to test the biophilia hypothesis by leaving untested a possible cultural influence for children to prefer formal gardens over wild and natural spaces. We believe that our conclusion that chi...

Community gardens contribute to community wellbeing by influencing the nutritional and social environment. The aim of this research was to develop a model that communicates the many benefits of community garden participation as described in the academic literature, to a diverse audience of laypersons. This model is an example of effective knowledge translation because the information is able to...

a Minimal risk is defined as risk that is not greater than the risks “ordinarily encountered in daily life or during the performance of routine physical or psychological examinations or tests” (46.102 i/50.3 k). b Permission of one parent is sufficient for categories 404/50.51 and 405/50.52; permission of both parents, if reasonably available, is required for 406/50.53 and 407/50.54; the requir...

The health situation in Japan after World War II was extremely poor. However, in less than 35 years the country's life expectancy was the highest in the world. Japan's continuing health gains are linked to policies established at the end of World War II by the Allied occupation force that established a democratic government. The Confucian principles that existed in Japan long before the occupat...