Cost-benefit analysis is a process for evaluating the merits of a particular project or course of action in a systematic and rigorous way. Social cost-benefit analysis refers to cases where the project has a broad impact across society – and, as such, is usually carried out by the government. While the cost and benefits may relate to goods and services that have a simple and transparent measure...

Humanity faces many important decisions about space exploration. An important but controversial decision making paradigm is cost-benefit analysis (CBA). This paper discusses some ethical considerations in CBA that are important to decision making about space exploration, including: how we define costs and benefits; space exploration’s non-market value; the standing of future humans and of extra...

This is one of a series of briefings prepared by the Justice Research and Statistics Association under the Juvenile Justice Evaluation Center (JJEC) project. The purpose of this briefing series is to provide juvenile justice program managers with information that will help them evaluate their programs. Each briefing addresses a topic that is of particular interest to juvenile justice program ma...

A method to calculate the network-wide costs of realizing di!erent noise control possibilities and their bene"ts in terms of noise reduction for lineside inhabitants has been implemented in Switzerland. These studies have shown that an optimal cost distribution consists of spending 65% of the available "nances on rolling stock improvement, 30% on noise control barriers and 5% on insulated windo...

Abstract Most cost-benefit analyses assume that the estimates of costs and benefits are more or less accurate unbiased. But what if, in reality, highly inaccurate biased? Then assumption analysis is a rational way to improve resource allocation would be fallacy. Based on largest dataset its kind, we test cost benefit public investments We find this not case with overwhelming statistical signifi...

     Desertification was recognized in Iran several decades ago. This phenomenon has gradually affected half the provinces in the country, where droughts exacerbate problems in these drylands. In response, the government has been active in providing considerable funds and human resources to halt desertification through investing in national research and executive projects over the last fifty ye...

Background: Thymoglobuline (TG), is used for both induction and rejection therapy in kidney transplantation (TX). This study was conducted to compare between adding TG or not to the conventional drugs to evaluate the rate of rejections, infections and costs. Methods: In two groups of patients, each of 45 cases group A received conventional drugs (cyclosporine, mycophenolate and prednisolone) a...

The literature of welfare-maximising greenhouse gas emission reduction strategies pays remarkably little attention to equity. This paper introduces three ways to consider efficiency and equity simultaneously. The first method, inspired by Kant and Rawls, maximises net present welfare, without international cooperation, as if all regions share the fate of the region affected worst by climate cha...

This review-essay explores the uses and limits of cost-benefit analysis in the context of environmental protection, focusing on three recent books: Priceless, by Frank Ackerman and Lisa Heinzerling; Cellular Phones, Public Fears, and A Culture of Precaution, by Adam Burgess; and Catastrophe: Risk and Response, by Richard A. Posner. The review-essay emphasizes three principal limitations on the ...

We present a cost-benefit framework to analyze the interaction between hydropower and salmon in a dynamic context. The framework is used to derive cost-benefit rules for projects that affect wild salmon survival. Our approach is illustrated with data from an ongoing project regarding a potential salmon passage-hydropower conflict in the northern Swedish river Umeälven and its largest salmon pro...