An experimental demonstration of a dynamic decrease of the optical band gap of bulk n-InSb induced by picosecond, midinfrared laser pulses is reported. This occurs as a result of laser heating of the quiescent electron distribution by free-carrier absorption. The hot electrons vacate low-energy states near the conductionband minimum, unblocking terminal states for two-photon absorption across t...

'Klemp P, Staberg B, Madsbad S, Kolcndorf K. Smoking reduces insulin absorption from subcutaneous tissue. Br MedJ' 1982;284:237. 2 Binder C. Absorption of injected insulin. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Copenh) 1969 ;27(suppl 2): 1-84. 3Berger M, Cuppers HJ, Hegner H, Jorgens V, Berchtold P. Absorption kinetics and biologic effects of subcutaneously injected insulin preparations. Diabetes Care 1982;5...

Decomposition of absorption spectra using linear regression has been proposed for calculating concentrations of mixture compounds. The method is based on projecting the observed mixture spectrum onto the linear space generated by the reference spectra that correspond to the individual components comprising the mixture. The computed coefficients are then used as estimates for concentration of th...

We use a drift-diffusion model to study frequency dependent harmonic powers in a modified uni-traveling carrier (MUTC) phododetector. The model includes external loading, incomplete ionization, the Franz-Keldysh effect, and history-dependent impact ionization. In three-tone measurements, the bias voltage at which a null occurs (bias null) in the second-order intermodulation distortion (IMD2) is...

A theoretical study has been conducted on the effects of cloud horizontal inhomogeneity on cloud albedo bias. A two-dimensional (2D) version of the Spherical Harmonic Discrete Ordinate Method (SHDOM) is used to estimate the albedo bias of the plane parallel (PP-IPA) and independent pixel (IPA-2D) approximations for a wide range of 2D cloud fields obtained from LANDSAT. They include single layer...

This paper addresses the origin of the decrease in the external electrical bias required for water photoelectrolysis with hematite photoanodes, observed following surface treatments of such electrodes. We consider two alternative surface modifications: a cobalt oxo/hydroxo-based (CoO(x)) overlayer, reported previously to function as an efficient water oxidation electrocatalyst, and a Ga(2)O(3) ...

We report silicon waveguide butt-coupled p-i-n InGaAs photodetectors epitaxially grown on silicon-on-insulator substrates by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. The InGaAs absorption layer that is lattice-matched to InP is selectively grown on patterned SOI substrates, employing metamorphic growth of GaAs and InP buffer layers. We measure a dark current of 2.5 μA and a responsivity of 0.17 ...

We have observed that, in zero magnetic field, a dc bias across a lateral confmed quantum dot (QD) splits each resonant peak in the differential conductance versus the gate voltage measurement into two. The splitting is nearly linear with the applied bias V, . Temperature-dependence study indicates that the corresponding energy separation between the two splitting peaks is close to eV, . A mode...

Photoconductive antennas with nano-structured electrodes and which show significantly improved performances have been proposed to satisfy the demand for compact and efficient terahertz (THz) sources. Plasmonic field enhancement was previously considered the dominant mechanism accounting for the improvements in the underlying physics. However, we discovered that the role of plasmonic field enhan...

We describe the use of two-photon absorption in submicron silicon wire waveguides for all-optical switching by cross-absorption modulation. Optical pulses of 3.2 ps were successfully converted from high power pump to low power continuous-wave signal with a fast recovery time. High speed operation was based on the induced optical absorption from non-degenerate two-photon absorption inside the wa...