The use of diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) for predicting metal bioavailability was investigated by exposing the bivalve Tellina deltoidalis to an identical series of metal-contaminated sediments deployed simultaneously in the field and laboratory. To understand the differences in metal exposure occurring between laboratory- and field-based bioassays, we investigated changes in metal fl...

This work characterizes the efficacy of activated carbon amendment in reducing polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) bioavailability to clams (Macoma balthica) from field-contaminated sediment (Hunters Point Naval Shipyard, San Francisco Bay, CA, USA). Test methods were developed for the use of clams to investigate the effects of sediment amendment on biological uptake. Sediment was mixed with activat...

The level of O2 in water is highly variable in the aquatic environment and is a major ventilatory drive in all animals breathing water. Low O2 partial pressure (PO2) strongly stimulates ventilatory activity compared to air-equilibrated or O2-enriched water. We studied the influence of ventilatory activity on the bioaccumulation rate of Cd in the freshwater Asiatic clam Corbicula fluminea for PO...

A scientific workshop was held in 2006 to discuss the use of in vitro Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion (ADME) data in chemical bioaccumulation assessments for fish. Computer-based (in silico) modeling tools are widely used to estimate chemical bioaccumulation. These in silico methods have inherent limitations that result in inaccurate estimates for many compounds. Based on a ...

Abstract Bioaccumulation potential is critical in PBT and risk assessment of chemicals. However, for ionic liquids (ILs), this aspect remains neglected. It especially important to fill gap, because group compounds, existing data confirm their being environmentally persistent toxicity. Moreover, considering preliminary reports on the interactions ILs with lipids, it may be assumed that have a hi...

Contamination of water and sediment with arsenic (As) in a highly industrialized area of Pohang City, Korea was investigated, with emphasis on in situ bioaccumulation of arsenicals by various aquatic organisms. Species- and tissue-specific concentrations of arsenicals were determined by use of HPLC-ICP/MS and μ-X-ray absorption near-edge structure (μ-XANES). Concentrations of arsenic in aquatic...

Multimedia environmental fate models are valuable tools for investigating potential changes associated with global climate change, particularly because thermodynamic forcing on partitioning behavior as well as diffusive and nondiffusive exchange processes are implicitly considered. Similarly, food-web bioaccumulation models are capable of integrating the net effect of changes associated with fa...

The accumulation and transfer of Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cd along a soil-plant-insect-chicken food chain at contaminated sites were investigated. The study site nearing the Pb/Zn mine had been contaminated by heavy metals severely. Cadmium and Pb concentrations steadily declined with increasing trophic level (p < 0.01), but concentrations of Zn and Cu slightly increased from plant to insect larva (p > ...

The aim of this prospective cohort study was to determine the incidence of dalteparin bioaccumulation (measured using anti-Xa levels), and bleeding during thromboprophylaxis in elderly patients with renal failure who were admitted to hospital with an acute medical illness. Patients who met the criteria for being at high thromboembolic risk received dalteparin 5,000 IU subcutaneously once daily ...

Yellow foxtail (Setaria glauca L. P. Beauv) growing on a cadmium-contaminated site was sampled to determine the extent of cadmium bioaccumulation in aerial tissues and the impact of cadmium on growth and development. Water-extractable Cd concentrations in the soil ranged from 5.0 to 18.0 mg L. Aerial tissues contained elevated concentrations of Cd (16-48 μg g DW), with mean concentration ratios...