The events of the autumn of 2001 in the United States made it clear that the spectre of the use of microorganisms to intentionally harm humans is a reality. The current strategy to control disease outbreaks caused by the intentional release of bacteria is to use antimicrobial agents, both therapeutically and prophylactically. However, multidrug-resistant strains of bacterial bioterrorism agents...

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Introduction The Biological Threat Reduction Program (BTRP) has been being implemented in the Republic of Uzbekistan since 2004 within the framework of the Agreement between the Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Government of the United States of America Concerning Cooperation in the Area of the Promotion of Defense Relations and the Prevention of Proliferation of Weapons of Mass...

2-Chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) is a simulant for the chemical warfare agent, bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide, also known as mustard gas. Functionalized Zr-BTC synthesized and exploited optical detection of CEES.

In this paper we follow our earlier work on the mathematical and computational modeling of biological warfare and its potential extensions to nuclear terrorism. In particular we review Dr. Parnell's earlier critique of the proper and improper use of probabilities, scenarios and the emergent properties of terrorism undertaken in conjunction with the National we extend the argument that: ―The DHS...

Highly toxic chemical warfare agents(CWA) could be used in and terrorism. The protection of skin is crucial for civilians soldiers, because the primary routes exposure to CWA are inhalation absorption. Thus, topical protectants(TSP) have been studied developed many countries complement protective equipments. In this study, <i>in-vitro</i> test procedure was optimized established usi...

A class of heterogeneous catalysts based on commercial bentonite from natural origin, containing at least 80 wt% of montmorillonite clay, was designed to transform selectively and under mild conditions toxic organosulfur and organophosphorus chemical warfare agents into non-noxious products with a reduced impact on health and environment. The bentonite from the natural origin was modified by in...

Desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) mass spectrometry is used for the selective and sensitive detection of trace amounts of explosives and chemical warfare agent simulants from ambient surfaces at distances of up to 3 meters from the mass spectrometer.

Abstract Proxy wars are a form of confrontation whose origins lost in the mists history. In 20th century and at beginning 21st century, this type war experienced sharp development due to changes that took place on international scene. Due fact great powers avoided direct during Cold War, for fear would degenerate into new conventional or even nuclear world war, they chose use proxy warfare as p...