background and objective: lactic acid is widely used in the food, chemical and pharmaceutical industries. the major problems associated with lactic acid production are substrate and end-product inhibition, and by-product formation. membrane technology represents one of the most effective processes for lactic acid production. the aim of this work is to increase cell density and lactic acid produ...

Anaerobic digestion of swine wastes is an attractive practice in which both pollution control and energy recovery can be achieved. Nowadays, anaerobic digestion becomes a promising process due to its beneficial output including renewable energy production and mitigation of pollutant emissions. However, the high concentration of ammonium in manure and the produced ammonia as a common metabolic e...

BACKGROUND The enzymatic production of biodiesel through alcoholysis of triglycerides has become more attractive because it shows potential in overcoming the drawbacks of chemical processes. In this study, we investigate the production of biodiesel from crude, non-edible Jatropha oil and methanol to characterize Burkholderia cepacia lipase immobilized in an n-butyl-substituted hydrophobic silic...

BACKGROUND Biological activated sludge process must be functionally stable to continuously remove contaminants while relying upon the activity of complex microbial communities. However the dynamics of these communities are as yet poorly understood. A macroecology metric used to quantify community dynamic is the taxa-time relationship (TTR). Although the TTR of animal and plant species has been ...

The hybridoma 192 was used to produce a monoclonal antibody (MAb) against 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), for possible use in screening for congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). The factors influencing the MAb production were screened and optimized in a 2 L stirred bioreactor. The production was then scaled up to a 20 L bioreactor. All of the screened factors (aeration rate, stirring speed, di...

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune disease that affects thousands of Americans each year. The resulting thrombocytopenia, which develops from destruction of platelets (PLT) by anti-PLT autoantibodies (APAb), is often associated with hemorrhagic complications. Existing therapies are not effective and are associated with significant morbidity. Recently, a new treatment modalit...

In the production of biofuel from lignocellulose biomass, particularly in the case of consolidated bioprocessing where the saccharification and fermentation steps take place within the same bioreactor, many compounds may be present that could affect the enzymes within such a bioreactor. This study examined the effect of ethanol, butanol, propanol, lignin, -coumaric acid, and gallic acid on the...

A membrane-coupled aerobic bioreactor (MBR) can be described as a system coupling the aerobic bioreactor, or activated sludge tank, of a wastewater treatment system with a microor ultrafiltration membrane. The membrane serves to separate the suspended material in the sludge so that the permeate stream is free of chemicals, microorganisms, and other contaminants. The membrane may be either inter...

This study aimed to investigate the performance of microbial fuel cell (MFC) for simultaneous bioremediation of slaughterhouse wastewater and sustainable power generation. For the first time, an integrated system of tubular type microbial fuel cell (MFC) was used in this study. The MFC consisted of three concentric Plexiglas tubes; the inner tube was the anaerobic anodic compartment, the mid tu...

In a deep aquifer associated with an accretionary prism, significant methane (CH₄) is produced by a subterranean microbial community. Here, we developed bioreactors for producing CH₄ and hydrogen (H₂) using anaerobic groundwater collected from the deep aquifer. To generate CH₄, the anaerobic groundwater amended with organic substrates was incubated in the bioreactor. At first, H₂ was detected a...