BACKGROUND Most twins after assisted reproductive technology (ART) are dizygotic. Analysis of dizygotic twin pairs is useful in assessing familial aggregation in the development of birth defects. METHODS Using nationwide post-ART data from the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology, recurrence risk ratios (RRRs)-defined as probandwise concordance rates of birth defects in twins divided by...

Cleft lip and palate (CL/P) is the most prevalent craniofacial birth defect in humans. To date, none of known surgical techniques proposed therapeutic approaches able to guarantee a definitive correction hard single step. So, patients often undergo various interventions autologous bone grafts with additional scarring further complications. The aim regenerative medicine avoid numerous approaches...

BACKGROUND Birth Defects are a series of diseases that seriously affect children's health. Birth defects are generally caused by several interrelated factors. The aims of the article is to estimate the prevalence rate and types of birth defects in Inner Mongolia, China, to compare socio-demographic characteristics among the children with birth defects and to analyze the association between risk...

Background: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is a prevalent disorder, which is associated with several other congenital anomalies, especially cardiac diseases. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of congenital heart disease (CHD) in the neonates with CH.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on two groups of 79 subjects to compare the type and frequency of congenital ca...

Cleft lip and palate being most common is congenital deformity and also present with many syndrome condition. Child with CL/P face difficulty in early breast feeding due to improper lip seal and nasal regurgitation, thus compromising nutrition of new born. Patient with oro-facial cleft deformity needs to be treated at right time and at right age to achieve functional and esthetic wellbeing. The...

Low birth weight is a known comorbidity of congenital heart disease (CHD). This study examines the relationship between CHD and birth weight of singletons, while attempting to remove factors that influence birth weight, and assesses the impact of CHD on growth in later life. The main objective is to study the relationship between birthweight and CHD. This is a cross-sectional study of 141 sampl...

The idea that a pregnant woman may be so frightened by the sight of some deformity on another person that her baby will be affected by a similar defect is widely believed in most parts of the world today; it was also generally believed in the West until the early years of this century. The skepticism that then developed may have derived from lack of an explanatory principle and not from lack of...

BACKGROUND Butalbital is a barbiturate contained in combination products with caffeine and an analgesic prescribed for the treatment of migraine and tension-type headaches. Controversy exists as to whether butalbital should continue to be prescribed in the United States because of the potential for abuse, overuse headache, and withdrawal syndromes. Butalbital crosses the placenta but there is l...

The International Clearing-house for Birth Defects Surveillance and Research, formerly known as International Clearinghouse of Birth Defects Monitoring Systems, consists of 40 registries worldwide that collaborate in monitoring 40 types of birth defects. Clearinghouse activities include the sharing and joint monitoring of birth defect data, epidemiologic and public health research, and capacity...

Cara T. Mai,* Tiffany Riehle-Colarusso, Alissa O’Halloran, Janet D. Cragan, Richard S. Olney, Angela Lin, Marcia Feldkamp, Lorenzo D. Botto, Russel Rickard, Marlene Anderka, Mary Ethen, Carol Stanton, Joan Ehrhardt, and Mark Canfield, for the National Birth Defects Prevention Network National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atl...