Inequality between Whites and Blacks has fluctuated since the 1970’s, when a number of technological and structural changes in the economy adversely affected Blacks. In this ‘information age’, researchers concerned with inequality have coined the term ‘digital divide’ to signify the effects of exclusion from these powerful new information technologies. As increasing numbers of Americans have go...

This paper explores the determinants of post-prison employment among a sample of ex-offenders released from Maryland prisons. A reduced-form equation for average weekly hours worked in the first year after release was estimated for blacks and whites. The following results emerge. Background variables have strong effects on employment. In particular, race has a consistently strong impact on labo...

This paper explores disparities in the effect of pollution on confirmed cases Covid-19 based counties’ socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. Using data all US counties a daily basis over year 2020 applying rich panel fixed model, we document that: 1) there are discernible social spread Covid-19. Blacks, low educated, poorer people at higher risks being infected by new disease. 2) The c...

OBJECTIVE To comparatively examine the effects of adiposity on the levels of plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC), and aldosterone-renin ratio (ARR) in young black and white children. STUDY DESIGN We prospectively assessed 248 black and 345 white children and adolescents. A novel analytical technique was used to assess the concurrent influences of age and body m...

BACKGROUND Many studies have examined differences in hypertension across race/ethnic groups but few have evaluated differences within groups. METHODS We investigated within-group geographic variations in hypertension prevalence among 3,322 black and white participants of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Place of birth and place of residence were included in multivariate Poiss...