Because efficient i.v. administration of interleukin 2 (IL-2) in tumor patients leads to severe cardiopulmonary side effects, we developed a new form of IL-2 application that allows activation of all IL-2-responsive immune cells directly at the tumor site. In five patients with T4N0M0 transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder, we used high-dose, continuous IL-2 perfusion of the bladder (1000 u...

This study evaluated a method for prostate intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) based on edge-enhanced (EE) intensity in the presence of intrafraction organ deformation using the data of 37 patients treated with step-and-shoot IMRT. On the assumption that the patient setup error was already accounted for by image guidance, only organ deformation over the treatment course was considered....

AIMS AND BACKGROUND To evaluate whether doses or dose rates at International Commission on Radiation Units (ICRU) reference points are of value for predicting risks of late rectal and bladder morbidity in patients with uterine cervical cancer who have undergone external beam radiotherapy and intracavitary irradiation. METHODS Late rectal complications and late bladder complications were evalu...

This study was to assess the Capri applicator for patients with endometrial cancer undergoing high-radiation dose treatments following external-beam radiation therapy. The Capri applicator is an inflatable vaginal cylinder with multiple channels. It is used to tailor the dose distribution to an asymmetric vaginal disease, and better spare organs at risk. Five patients with high-risk endometrial...

The purpose of this study was to perform dosimetry analyses comparing high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) with simulated stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). We selected six consecutive patients treated with HDR-BT monotherapy in 2010, and a CyberKnife SBRT plan was simulated for each patient using computed tomography images and the contouring set used in the HDR-BT plan for the actual trea...

The Camera Augmented Mobile C-arm (CamC) system that extends a regular mobile C-arm by a video camera provides an X-ray and video image overlay. Thanks to the mirror construction and one time calibration of the device, the acquired X-ray images are co-registered with the video images without any calibration or registration during the intervention. It is very important to quantify and qualify th...

PURPOSE The aim of this work was to study the International Commission on Radiation Unit and Measurement (ICRU) for rectum (rICRU) and bladder (bICRU) dose behaviors in the treatment of cervical cancer by high dose rate (HDR) intracavitary brachytherapy (ICRT). MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective study was carried out on 38 patients with a total of 38 fractions (1st fraction of each patient)...

PURPOSE This report compares the Nucletron NPS and PLATO planning system for patients treated for cervix cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study compares calculations generated using the older NPS (version 11.43) planning system and the more recent PLATO (version 14.1) system for two cases: 1) a single dwell position and 2) an actual patient application using a tandem and ovoid. RESULTS Fo...

PURPOSE To compare International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU) bladder and rectum reference points doses with volumetric doses in 3D intracavitary brachytherapy (ICBT) for cervical cancer. Also to compare bladder, rectum and sigmoid (organs at risk, OARs) volume doses with dose constraints recommended by the (GYN) GEC-ESTRO Working Group. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrosp...

Intravesical instillation of thiotepa is a popular treatment for localized bladder carcinoma. The drug can enter the systemic circulation, and such absorption may be enhanced by extensive tumour infiltration or by a recent tumour resection. A case is reported of early onset life-threatening pancytopenia following an unusually low dose of the drug in a patient who had undergone a recent tumour r...