Standardizing a dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) protocol is thought to provide a reliable measurement of body composition. PURPOSE We investigated the effects of manipulating muscle glycogen and creatine content independently and additively on DXA estimates of lean mass. METHOD Eighteen well-trained male cyclists undertook a parallel group application of creatine loading (n = 9) (20 g·d for...

Obesity and hypothalamic GH deficiency contribute in different ways to the disturbances of body composition in Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS); while both increase the fat compartment, the reduction of lean tissue mass has been attributed mainly to GH deficiency. Therefore, body composition measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was prospectively studied in 12 overweight children with PWS and...

BACKGROUND The body mass index (BMI) is based on the original concept that body weight increases as a function of height squared. As an indicator of obesity the modern BMI assumption postulates that adiposity also increases as a function of height in states of positive energy balance. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the BMI concept across different adiposity magnitudes, in both children and adults. M...

OBJECTIVE Homocysteine is a sex-related risk factor for cardiovascular disease but the reason for dimorphism is unclear. It has been hypothesized that fat-free mass is an independent determinant of the circulating homocysteine and methionine concentrations. METHODS The relationship of homocysteine to body composition was investigated in 52 healthy middle-aged 40-60 year olds. Plasma total hom...

OBJECTIVE Association studies in men have shown that androgens are inversely related to fat measures, while the relation between sex steroids and lean mass remains unclear. We, therefore, investigated the associations between serum sex steroid levels and body composition in elderly men with a main focus on lean mass measures. DESIGN AND METHODS A cross-sectional survey of a population-based c...

Brook, C. G. D. (1971). Archives of Disease in Childhood, 46, 182. Determination of body composition of children from skinfold measurements. Total body water was measured in 23 children aged 1 to 11 years and correlated with estimates of lean body mass derived from measurements of skinfold thickness. The correlation coefficient was 0 * 98. Skinfold thickness can, therefore, be used to estimate ...

In three separate studies (156 pigs total), dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), bioelectrical impedance (BIA) and ultrasound were compared as methods for measuring live body composition of pigs at 60 and 100-110 kg BWt. DXA measured total body fat and lean content, BIA measurements of resistance (Rs) and reactance (Xc) were used to calculate total body lean mass and ultrasound measurements ...

BACKGROUND The study is aimed to evaluate body composition and bone status in adolescent and adult patients with active juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) untreated with tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibitors. METHODS Adult patients (12 male and 19 female) with active JIA and 84 healthy age- and gender- matched controls were enrolled into the study. Body composition (tissue mass in grams, le...

introduction: during ramadan, adult muslims abstain from drinking and eating from sunrise to sunset. this religious practice influences individuals’ lifestyle factors such as eating behavior, meal schedule, and sleep pattern. these changes may affect endocrine and neuroendocrine circadian patterns, and consequently, cardiovascular indices. this study was performed to investigate the effects of ...

The normal growth pattern of female C57BL/6J mice, from 5 to 30 weeks of age, has been investigated in a longitudinal study. Weight, body surface area (BS), and body mass index (BMI) were evaluated in forty mice. Lean mass and fat mass, bone mineral content (BMC), and bone mineral density (BMD) were monitored by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Weight and BS increased linearly (16.15 ± ...