in this paper, we study an equivalence relation on the set of fuzzysubgroups of an arbitrary group g and give four equivalent conditions each ofwhich characterizes this relation. we demonstrate that with this equivalencerelation each equivalence class constitutes a lattice under the ordering of fuzzy setinclusion. moreover, we study the behavior of these equivalence classes under theaction of a...

There is strong evidence that vasodilatory nitric oxide (NO) donors have anabolic effects on bone in humans. Parathyroid hormone (PTH), the only osteoanabolic drug currently approved, is also a vasodilator. We investigated whether the NO synthase inhibitor L-NAME might alter the effect of PTH on bone by blocking its vasodilatory effect. BALB/c mice received 28 daily injections of PTH[1-34] (80 ...

Purpose: Morphological study comparing castor oil polyurethane and autogenous bone graft to repair bone defect in zygomatic bone of rabbits. Methods: Twenty-four adult, male New Zealand rabbits were randomly distributed between two groups of twelve. Bone defects of 5mm in diameter were cut through the zygomatic bone and filled with polyurethane discs in the experimental group or autogenous bone...

of about half an inch, and underneath, to nearly the same distance, the soft parts had receded from the tibia, leaving a outjutting right angle of denuded bone; still, although tho soft parts had thus receded, or probably sloughed, from its sharp edge, they had in no way deserted the tibia. Appearing to have considered that the flaps could not heal over a bony edge of such extreme sharpness, th...

The rigidity of a sliding compression screw and three cannulated lag screws in the treatment of subcapital fractures was compared in five pairs of female cadaver femora. There were no significant differences between the compressive strength, bone density, cortical thickness or Singh index of the bones in each pair. A subcapital fracture was standardised using a perpendicular saw cut across the ...

PURPOSE We describe the use of a hemostatic wax sealant during laparoscopic renal ablative procedures to allow airtight transabdominal access of the treatment probe through a standard 5-mm port. METHODS Following Tru-cut biopsy of the renal mass, Bone Wax was used to occlude the external opening of an established 5-mm laparoscopic port. The cryotherapy or radiofrequency treatment probe was th...

A clear understanding of the dependence of mechanical properties of bone remains a task not fully achieved. In order to estimate the mechanical properties in bones for implants, pore cross-section area, calcium content, and apparent density were measured in trabecular bone samples for human implants. Samples of fresh and defatted bone tissue, extracted from one year old bovines, were cut in lon...

The amount of new bone formed in collagen matrix with daidzein was compared to that formed in collagen matrix alone. Eighteen bone defects, 5mm by 10mm were created in parietal bone of 9 New Zealand white rabbits. In the experimental group, 6 defects were grafted with collagen matrix with daidzein. In the control groups, 6 defects were grafted with collagen matrix alone (positive control) and 6...

A recent Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes report suggested that bone biopsies in patients with chronic kidney disease should be characterized by determining bone turnover, mineralization, and volume. This article focuses on the calculations and interpretation of these measurements. In most cases of renal osteodystrophy, the bone formation rate is roughly similar to the bone resorption ...