We report measurements of particle number correlations and fluctuations of a photon Bose-Einstein condensate in a dye microcavity using a Hanbury Brown-Twiss experiment. The photon gas is coupled to a reservoir of molecular excitations, which serve as both heat bath and particle reservoir to realize grand-canonical conditions. For large reservoirs, we observe strong number fluctuations of the o...

We report on the achievement of Bose-Einstein condensation of erbium atoms and on the observation of magnetic Feshbach resonances at low magnetic fields. By means of evaporative cooling in an optical dipole trap, we produce pure condensates of 168Er, containing up to 7×10(4) atoms. Feshbach spectroscopy reveals an extraordinary rich loss spectrum with six loss resonances already in a narrow mag...

The interaction of short and strong laser pulses with an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate is found to generate patterns of recoiling atoms that are different from those seen in previous light-scattering experiments. This phenomenon can only be explained by optical stimulation, showing that the previous description of superradiance as atomic stimulation is incomplete and that matter-wave amplific...

The properties of Bose–Einstein condensed gases can be strongly altered by tuning the external magnetic field near a Feshbach resonance. Feshbach resonances affect elastic collisions and lead to the observed modification of the scattering length. However, as we report here, this is accompanied by a strong increase in the rate of inelastic collisions. The observed three–body loss rate in a sodiu...

The variational method of coupled Gaussian functions is applied to Bose-Einstein condensates with long-range interactions. The time dependence of the condensate is described by dynamical equations for the variational parameters. We present the method and analytically derive the dynamical equations from the time-dependent Gross-Pitaevskii equation. The stability of the solutions is investigated ...

In this work we present a very simple and efficient numerical scheme which can be applied to study the dynamics of bosonic systems like, for instance, spinor Bose-Einstein condensates with nonlocal interactions but equally well works for Fermi gases. The method we use is a modification of well known Split Operator Method (SOM). We carefully examine this algorithm in the case of F = 1 spinor Bos...

The calculation of quantum dynamics is currently a central issue in theoretical physics, with diverse applications ranging from ultra-cold atomic Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) to condensed matter, biology, and even astrophysics. Here we demonstrate a conceptually simple method of determining the regime of validity of stochastic simulations of unitary quantum dynamics by employing a time-rever...

We introduce matter-wave vector azimuthons, i.e., spatially localized vortex states with azimuthal modulations of density, in multicomponent Bose-Einstein condensates. These localized states generalize spatially modulated vortex solitons introduced earlier in nonlinear optics A. S. Desyatnikov, A. A. Sukhorukov, and Yu. S. Kivshar, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 203904 2005 and Bose-Einstein condensates ...

The boson-fermion atomic bound states (composite fermion) and their roles for the phase structures are studied in a bose-fermi mixed condensate of atomic gas in finite temperature and density. The two-body scattering equation is formulated for a bosonfermion pair in the mixed condensate with the Yamaguchi-type potential. By solving the equation, we evaluate the binding energy of a composite fer...

The unequivocal detection of entanglement between two distinct matter-wave pulses is a significant challenge that has yet to be experimentally demonstrated. We describe a realistic scheme to generate and detect continuous-variable entanglement between two atomic matter-wave pulses produced via degenerate four-wave mixing from an initially trapped Bose-Einstein condensate loaded into a one-dimen...