The fungistatic effects of controlled atmospheres composed of increased CO(2) and decreased O(2) was studied in a manner such that the condition of stored fruit was not a factor in the growth of the fungi. Varying concentrations of O(2) and CO(2) were used. The fungi used were Botrytis alli, Rhizopus nigricans, and Penicillium expansum. The results showed that controlled atmospheres, within the...

Two antibiotic metabolites were isolated from cultures of Leucoagaricus cameifolia. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. The first compound, 7-chloro-4,6-dim ethoxy-l(3 H)-isobenzofurane (1) had to our knowledge not been described from natural sources whereas the second, basidalin (2), is a known metabolite of L. naucina (H. Iinuma et al., 1983). 1 exhibits antibiotic acti...

Ambrox (1), a perfumery diterpene, was oxidatively metabolised by a plant pathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea in a xenobiotic fashion to afford a major product, i.e., 1beta-hydroxy-8-epiambrox (13) (60%) along with three minor metabolites 3beta-hydroxyambrox (2), sclareolide (5) and 3beta-hydroxysclareolide (7). Sclareolide (5), a cytotoxic diterpenoidal lactone was fermented with the same fungu...

The antifungal properties of eugenol were tested against ten plant pathogenic fungal species and detailed studies were conducted regarding in vitro activity of eugenol on Botrytis cinerea. The EC50 value of eugenol on mycelial radial growth of B. cinerea was 38.6 μg/ mL; however, eugenol had no bioactivity against conidia germination. B. cinerea hyphae treated with eugenol showed strong propidi...

Botrytis cinerea is a dangerous plant pathogenic fungus with wide host ranges. This aggressive pathogen uses multiple weapons to invade and cause serious damages on its host plants. The continuing efforts of how to solve the "puzzle" of the multigenic nature of B. cinerea's pathogenesis and plant defense mechanisms against the disease caused by this mold, the integration of omic approaches, inc...