The MR imaging studies of 68 patients who had brain anomalies were reviewed retrospectively to evaluate specific anatomic abnormalities of the corpus callosum. The corpus callosum was abnormal in 32 (47%) of the 68 patients. Excluding patients with the Chiari I malformation, callosal anomalies were present in 30 (68%) of 44 patients. Callosal dysgenesis was most common, followed by callosal atr...

A 68-year-old man with a history of hypertension presented with recurrent subarachnoid bleeding. Brain MRI showed superficial siderosis, and diagnostic cerebral angiograms did not show any intracranial vascular malformation or arterial aneurism. Post mortem neuropathological examination of the brain was consistent with a diagnosis of cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Clinicians should be aware that ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Periventricular nodular heterotopia are common malformations of cortical development that are associated with many clinical syndromes and with many different neuroimaging phenotypes. The purpose of this study was to determine whether specific malformation phenotypes may be related to location, side, or number of PNH as assessed by MR imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS MR im...

A 29-week fetus was noted to have dilation of the entire ventricular system on prenatal ultrasound. Fetal MRI at 33 weeks revealed brain malformations suggestive of congenital muscular dystrophy (figure, A and B).1,2 Following normal delivery at 40 weeks, examination was remarkable for retinal detachment (figure, D) and optic nerve hypoplasia, without dysmorphic features. Sequence analysis show...

Polymicrogyria (PMG) is a complex cortical malformation which has so far defied any mechanistic or genetic explanation. Adopting a broad definition of an abnormally folded or festooned cerebral cortical neuronal ribbon, this review addresses the literature on PMG and the mechanisms of its development, as derived from the neuropathological study of many cases of human PMG, a large proportion in ...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The morphologic features of brain arteriovenous malformations differ between children and adults; therefore, our aim was to analyze various features of brain arteriovenous malformations to assess the risk of hemorrhage in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS We identified all consecutive children admitted to Beijing Tiantan Hospital for brain arteriovenous malformations betw...

The Arnold-Chiari malformation is a congenital abnormality of CNS, characterized by downward displacement the parts of the cerebellum, fourth ventricle, pons and medulla oblongata into the spinal canal. This malformation is one of causative factor of death in neonates and infants. A thorough understanding of the direct and indirect sonographic findings is necessary for diagnosis of Chiari II ma...

Two segmentation methods, one atlas-based and neural-network-based, were compared to see how well they can each automatically segment the brain stem cerebellum in Displacement Encoding with Stimulated Echoes Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DENSE-MRI) data. The is a pre-requisite for estimating average displacements these regions, which have recently been proposed as biomarkers diagnosis of Chiari M...

the arnold-chiari malformation is a congenital abnormality of cns, characterized by downward displacement the parts of the cerebellum, fourth ventricle, pons and medulla oblongata into the spinal canal. this malformation is one of causative factor of death in neonates and infants. a thorough understanding of the direct and indirect sonographic findings is necessary for diagnosis of chiari ii ma...

The malformations of the cerebral cortex represent a major cause of developmental disabilities, severe epilepsy and reproductive disadvantage. The advent of high resolution MRI techniques has facilitated the in vivo identification of a large group of cortical malformation phenotypes. Several malformation syndromes caused by abnormal cortical development have been recognized and specific causati...