BACKGROUND Sore nipples in breast-feeding mothers are a common cause of premature weaning, and are difficult to treat owing to recurrent trauma and exposure to the infant's oral flora. OBJECTIVE To compare the safety and efficacy of a hydrogel moist wound dressing (Elasto-gel, Southwest Technologies Inc, Baltimore, Md) with the use of breast shells and lanolin cream in the treatment of matern...

Breast reduction is a surgical procedure used to reduce the size of breasts and improve shape proportion body. This can relieve back, neck, shoulder pain, as well confidence quality life patients suffering from large, heavy breasts. an effective safe intervention decrease patients.

BACKGROUND Breast reconstruction using the free muscle-sparing transversus abdominus myocutaneous or deep inferior epigastric perforator flaps are common methods for restoring mastectomy defects for breast cancer patients. Despite its increasing popularity and safety, the abdominal donor site remains a major source of postoperative pain. Conventional postoperative pain relief protocol consists ...

Breast cancer with bone metastasis accounts for serious cancer-associated pain which significantly reduces the quality of life affected patients and promotes progression. However, effective treatment using nanomedicine remains a formidable challenge owing to poor drug delivery efficiency multiple lesions inappropriate management pain. In this study, engineered macrophage membrane (EMM) drugs lo...

Music therapy has been used in multiple health care settings to reduce patient pain, anxiety, and stress. However, few available studies have investigated its effect on pain among breast cancer patients after radical mastectomy. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of music therapy on pain reduction in patients with breast cancer after radical mastectomy. This randomized controlled ...

BACKGROUND In submuscular breast augmentation, the muscle is transected along its inferior and medial border to allow the implant to rest beneath the breast mound and supply adequate cleavage. This leads to significant pain in the postoperative period. OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to quantitatively document the effectiveness of tumescent infiltration and bupivicaine with epinephrine in...

Ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric (II/IH) nerve injury is one of the most common nerve injuries following pelvic surgery, especially with the Pfannenstiel incision. We present a case of intractable groin pain, successfully treated with a continuous II/IH nerve block. A 33-year-old woman, following emergency cesarean section due to cephalopelvic disproportion, presented numbness in left inguinal ...

BACKGROUND there are few studies on breast symptoms (BS) in patients attended at primary care units in Mexico. The aim was to determine the frequency and types of BS overall and by age-group and establish which BS were related to diagnosis of breast cancer. METHODS data from all female patients with a breast-disease-related diagnosis, attended from 2006 to 2010, at the Family Medicine Unit 38...