Charge-transfer effects in photometry with Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 aboard the Hubble Space Telescope are investigated by a comparison of WFPC2 observations with groundbased photometry for the Galactic globular clusters ω Centauri and NGC2419. Simple numerical formulae describing the fraction of lost signal as functions of position on the detector, stellar brightness, and the diffuse sky b...

TA(ν) has little to do with the radiation temperature of the source, which is not restricted to have a thermal spectrum. It is more accurately a noise temperature. If one were to place a telescope or feed and detector with small bandwidth ∆ν above the atmosphere and measure power Pν , one could replace that whole system with a resistor at temperature TA(ν), and measure the same power. Similarly...

Error analysis of air temperature profile retrievals with microwave sounder data based on minimization of covariance matrix of estimation error is conducted. Additive noise is taken into account in the observation data with microwave sounder onboard satellite. Method for air temperature profile retrievals based on minimization of difference of brightness temperature between model driven microwa...

Extensive airborne field campaigns (Australian Airborne Cal/val Experiments for SMOS – AACES [1]) were undertaken during the 2010 summer and winter seasons of the southern hemisphere. The purpose of those campaigns was the validation of the Level 1c (brightness temperature) and Level 2 (soil moisture) products of the ESA-led Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission [2]. As SMOS is the fi...

Precision microwave radiometry requires accurate internal calibration sources. A microwave terminator is one such internal source, and, under the assumption of a high quality match, produces a noise power directly proportional to the physical temperature of the terminator. Precise measurement of this temperature is required in order to provide a quality calibration standard. It is desirable for...

We present an analytic approach to predict gas density and temperature profiles in dark matter haloes. We assume that the gas density profile traces the dark matter profile in outer parts of the haloes, as suggested by a number of hydrodynamic simulations. Under this assumption the hydrostatic equilibrium uniquely fixes the two free parameters in the model, the mass– temperature normalization a...

We have recently obtained the first simultaneous 2-d plasma Doppler spectroscopic images of plasma brightness, temperature and flow fields. Using compact polarization optical methods, quadrature images of the optical coherence of an isolated spectral line are multiplexed to four quadrants of a fast CCD camera. The simultaneously captured, but distinct images can be simply processed to unfold th...

Abstract A functional test to verify the proper and accurate measurement capability of an L-band fully polarimetric noise injection radiometer is presented. The test is designed specifically for the MDPP-2 (MIRAS Demonstrator Pilot Project 2) NIR (Noise Injection Radiometer), which has two functions: (1) to calibrate the MIRAS (Microwave Imaging Radiometer using Aperture Synthesis) instrument b...

This paper reports the passive microwave radiometry application for regional assessment of crop growth in India. Brightness temperature (TB) of various vegetation classes observed at 37 GHz using special sensor microwave imager (SSMI) data. during Kharif season in 1 999 in India are analyzed. Vertical as well as hQrizontal polarization brightness temperature is used to derive microwave polariza...