Twenty-three isolates of fungi, representing 13 thermophilic and thermotolerant species, were bioassayed for toxigenicity to brine shrimp, chicken embryos, and rats. Thirteen isolates representing nine genera were highly toxic to at least two of the three systems. Seven additional isolates of five genera were slightly toxic.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Malaria continues to kill over a million people each year and in many populations affected by malaria, conventional drugs are often unaffordable or inaccessible. Historically, plants have been a prominent source of antimalarial drugs. Those plants currently used by indigenous people to treat malaria should be documented and investigated as potential sources of new...

Tamarindus indica is widely used as a food and beverage and in traditional medicine. The apparent lack of dose standardization in herbal medicine necessitates the evaluation of the lethality T. indica on Artemia salina nauplii and chicken embryos via in vitro and in vivo techniques. Furthermore, hepatotoxicokinetics of the crude extract and fractions on Wister rats was also assessed. At concent...

Ethanol whole plant extracts of three halophytic plants from Bahrain Sesuvium verrucosum, Salsola baryosma, Zygophyllum quatarense have been tested for their cytotoxic activity by the brine shrimp method. Only S. verrucosum showed a marked significant activity (LC(50) = 102.7 microg/mL)

Numerous studies have been focused on natural anticarcinogenic agents. Many antioxidants have been identified as anticarcinogens. Antimutagens have also been proposed as cancer chemopreventive agents. The use of natural products as anticancer has a long history that began with traditional medicine. The aim of this study was to evaluate cytotoxicity and antioxidant activity of twenty-three plant...

The new 29-norcucurbitacin, desacetylfevicordin A (1), together with three known 29-norcucurbitacin derivatives (2-4) were isolated from seeds of the Indonesian medicinal plant, Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl. The structures of 1-4 were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses and chemical transformation. These compounds exhibited toxicity against the brine shrimp (Artemia salina).

60S ribosomes from encysted gastrulae of the brine shrimp Artemia salina contain two acidic proteins, which are homologous to the Escherichia coli proteins L7 and L12. The proteins were purified and characterized with respect to molecular weight, amino-acid composition, peptide maps, and their functional requirement in the elongation factor dependent binding of aminoacyl transfer RNA to the rib...

Brine shrimp produce a maladaptive excess of sons when co-occurring with females from a related parthenogenetic species. Still, this sex ratio may be adaptive if, by mating with females of the other species, males miss out on mating with their own.