General Equilibrium asset pricing models have a difficult time simultaneously delivering a sizable equity premium, a low and counter-cyclical real risk free rate, as well as cyclical variation in return volatility. To explain these stylized facts, this paper introduces occasionally binding financing constraints that impede producers’ ability to invest in an otherwise standard real business cycl...

The method of endogenous gridpoints (ENDG) significantly speeds up the solution to dynamic stochastic optimization problems with continuous state and control variables by avoiding repeated computations of expected outcomes while searching for optimal policy functions. I provide an interpolation technique for non-rectilinear grids that allows ENDG to be used in n-dimensional problems in an intui...

Voting Power Indices enable the analysis of the distribution of power in a legislature or voting body in which different members have different numbers of votes. Although this approach to the measurement of power, based on co-operative game theory, has been known for a long time its empirical application has been to some extent limited, in part by the difficulty of computing the indices when th...

It is routine to demonstrate in the exchange economy framework that small changes of individual preferences and endowments always result in small changes of the derived excess demand functions as one should expect. Though being as desirable for reasons of the consistency of the whole approach, however, a precise proof of the converse direction so far is still open to question. The present paper...

We determine optimal discretionary monetary policy in a New-Keynesian model when nominal interest rates are bounded below by zero. Nominal interest rates should be lowered faster in response to adverse shocks than in the case without bound. Such ‘preemptive easing’ is optimal because expectations of a possibly binding bound in the future amplify the e ects of adverse shocks. Calibrating the mod...

A numerical method to price double-barrier options with moving barriers is proposed. Using the so-called Boundary Element Method, an integral representation of the double-barrier option price is derived in which two of the integrand functions are not given explicitly but must be obtained solving a system of Volterra integral equations of the first kind. This system of equations is affected by s...

Our objective in this article is to study analytically the effect of borrowing constraints on asset returns in an economy where agents are heterogenous with respect to their risk aversion. We use asymptotic analysis to characterize the equilibrium in a general equilibrium exchange economy with an arbitrary number of agents who differ in their risk aversion and face limits on borrowing. We find ...

This work presents the development of a methodology based on Monte Carlo Simulation, Fuzzy Numbers and in the Real Options Theory to determine the real options value under technical and market uncertainties. The objective of the proposed methodology is to substantially reduce the computational time involved, facilitating the decision taking process. The methodology involves: fuzzy numbers, to r...

A solution methodology employing finite elements and a parameterized expectations algorithm is proposed for computing the equilibrium of a CIA model economy. The stochastic growth model considered introduces money via a CIA constraint, and takes consumption as the cash good and leisure and capital investment as credit goods. The ability of the methodology to approximate the solution of the mode...

Giles (Multilevel Monte Carlo path simulation Operations Research, 2008; 56: 607–617) introduced a multi-level Monte Carlo method for approximating the expected value of a function of a stochastic differential equation solution. A key application is to compute the expected payoff of a financial option. This new method improves on the computational complexity of standard Monte Carlo. Giles analy...