As an eco-friendlier way to manage mining waste, the use of solar energy dry phosphate sludge in a rotary dryer is envisioned. first step toward this end, design study for bench-scale detailed, using one-dimensional mathematical model developed task. Using Engineering Equation Solver (EES) software, steady-state transport phenomena was that enables estimation moisture and temperature profiles b...

An experimental methodology was developed to improve the energy design of paddle dryers for sewage sludges. A laboratory batch dryer with a vertical agitator has been especially designed and instrumented to determine the heat flux densities. To determine the drying kinetic and the evaporating flow rates, the specific heat and the total heat of desorption of the sludge were measured using calori...

The photovoltaic thermal (PVT)-based solar dryer is advantageous in terms of energy-saving ability, efficiency, self-sufficient design, and ability to work without any additional electrical energy requirement. However, there a requirement for comprehensive analysis the energy, exergy, environ-economic parameters developing an efficient sustainable PVT dryer. In this study, PVT-based indirect mo...