Epidemiological and animal studies suggest a role for calcium in the chemoprevention of colorectal neoplasia. This study was designed to investigate whether supplemental oral calcium has a suppressant effect on colonic mucosal ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and tyrosine kinase activities in patients with adenomatous polyps or a history of adenomatous polyps and whether this is affected by age. O...

The effects of supplementation of arginine-silicate-inositol complex (ASI; 49.5-8.2-25 g/kg, respectively) to laying hens were investigated with respect to eggshell quality, calcium (Ca) balance, and expression of duodenal proteins related to Ca metabolism (calbindin and tight junction proteins). A total of 360 laying hens, 25 weeks old, were divided into 3 groups consisting of 6 replicate of c...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of physical training and calcium intake on bone mineral density (BMD) of students with mental retardation. Forty mentally retarded boys (age 7-10 years old) were randomly assigned to four groups (no differences in age, BMD, calcium intake and physical activity): training groups with or without calcium supplementation (Tr+Ca+ and Tr+Ca-) a...

BACKGROUND Protective effects of calcium supplementation against colorectal adenomas have been documented in systematic reviews; however, the results have not been conclusive. Our objective was to update and systematically evaluate the evidence for calcium supplementation taking into consideration the risks of systematic and random error and to GRADE the evidence. METHODS The study comprised ...

The discovery of vitamin D as an essential nutrient for skeletal development a century ago was a major public health victory. Supplementation, whether solar or dietary, prevented the devastating eff ects of rickets in chil dren. Five decades later, the molecular mechanisms of the vitamin’s active form (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D) and its receptor (vitamin D receptor [VDR]), were elucidated, and su...

The aim of the study was to estimate the effect of calcium supplementation on cholesterol concentrations in patients with hyperlipidaemia and previous viral hepatitis. The study comprised 43 patients, aged 28 to 82 years (21 with type 2 hyperlipidaemia). The control group included 22 healthy subjects. After four weeks of a hypolipaemic diet (wash-out period), the patients with type 2 hyperlipid...

vitamin d is important for the development, growth, and mineralization of the skeletal in neonates and children. vitamin d is essential for intestinal absorption of calcium. vitamin d is metabolized to 25-hydroxyvitamin d and then to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d. pregnant women in developed countries often have insufficient serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin d and a supplementation of vitamin...

We have developed an experimental system involving calcium-deficient chick embryos to examine the relationship between calcium homeostasis and cardiovascular activities. We have found that the calcium-deficient embryos, when compared with control animals, exhibit tachycardia and are significantly hypertensive. The effects are unlikely to be due to gross cardiac malformations or hypertrophy. The...

After publication of this article [1], we noted errors to the " body weight " row of Table three. The values for the controls of Δ 1 (wk 0 ~ wk 4) and Δ 2 (wk 0 ~ wk 8) should be negative (please see Table 1 below, a corrected version of Table three). Reference 1. Zhu W, et al: Calcium plus vitamin D3 supplementation facilitated fat loss in overweight and obese college students with very-low ca...

BACKGROUND Increased dietary calcium intake has been proposed as a population-based public health intervention to prevent osteoporotic fractures. We have examined whether calcium supplementation decreases clinical fracture risk in elderly women and its mechanism of action. METHODS Five-year, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 1460 women recruited from the population and older than 70 y...