Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a noninvasive approach that can visualize blood vessels down to the capillary level. With the advent of high-speed OCT and efficient algorithms, practical OCTA of ocular circulation is now available to ophthalmologists. Clinical investigations that used OCTA have increased exponentially in the past few years. This review will cover the history ...

Interstitial lung disease is the collective name given to over 200 different types of parenchymal lung disorders (Demedts et al, 2001) (these are disorders that affect the functioning parts of an organ — in this case the lungs — as opposed to the structural elements, such as connective tissue etc). They are different from the more common respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonar...

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Prior studies in small mammals have shown that local epicardial application of inotropic compounds drives myocardial contractility without systemic side effects. Myocardial capillary blood flow, however, may be more significant in larger species than in small animals. We hypothesized that bulk perfusion in capillary beds of the large mammalian heart not only enhances drug distribution after loc...

THE investigation described in this paper was designed to throw light on one aspect of the vascular relationships in the human posterior retina; such investigations contribute to the more ambitious attempts to solve the difficult and obscure problem presented by the vascular changes in diabetic retinopathy. New and fruitful ideas on retinal structure, function, and pathology have been put forwa...

Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT), based on application of subatmospheric pressure, has revolutionized the management of wounds. It has been successfully used in the setting of wounds complicated by the presence of burn, infection, poor circulation, exposed bone or artificial implants, or previous wound dehiscence. Negative pressure wound therapy facilitates healing by reportedly improving...

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of spironolactone and losartan on the early healing stage of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in rats. An AMI rat model was established and the rats were randomly divided into four groups: AMI (n=12), AMI + spironolactone (AMI + S; n=12), AMI + losartan (AMI + L; n=12) and AMI + spironolactone combined with losartan (AMI + S + L; n=12...

objective(s): previous studies showed that skeletal muscle microcirculation was reduced in chronic heart failure. the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of endurance training on capillary and arteriolar density of fast and slow twitch muscles in rats with chronic heart failure. materials and methods: four weeks after surgeries (left anterior descending (lad) artery occlusion), chr...

Radix Salviae miltiorrhizae et Rhizoma, known as Danshen in China, is one of the most popular traditional Chinese medicines. Recently, there has been increasing scientific attention on Danshen for its remarkable bioactivities, such as promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, and clearing away heat. This review summarized the advances in chemical analysis of Danshen and its preparatio...

Intrabronchial insufflation of acid causes immediate necrosis of the walls of many alveoli. Thrombosis of the alveolar vessels is an associated phenomenon. When a large number of vessels becomes affected, a clot propagates rapidly into the larger supplying vessels. The resulting lesion is indistinguishable from a hemorrhagic infarct. The infarct-like areas so frequently encountered in influenza...