Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) is the delegation of one or more business processes to an external service provider (which may be an offshore captive centre or a third party). The focus of most BPO research has been the cost reductions delivered by third party providers of BPO services in offshore locations in India, Eastern Europe and elsewhere, and there has been little research on captive...

Great apes are mammals close to humans in their genetic, behavioral, social and evolutionary characteristics and new genomic information is revolutionizing our understanding of evolution in primates. However, all these species are endangered. While there are many global programs to protect these species, the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) projects that in a near future th...

Abstract This essay reflects on the story of probably world’s most famous captive orangutan, Ah Meng, who died in 2008 but has since been “replaced” by her granddaughter, Ishta, took over as “new face” Singapore Zoo 2016. Meng’s is interesting for what it conceals and reveals, including recent history wildlife trafficking Southeast Asia, which – despite its conservationist credentials acts an i...

Articles 7 What Makes an Early Adopter? Transforming Landscapes One Farmer at a Time by Alicia Calle, MESc 2008 15 Ignorance or Exclusion? Forest Knowledge and Social Hierarchies in Community-Level Conservation in the Petén, Guatemala by Micha Rahder, MESc 2008 21 Conservation in Flux: Pursuing Social Resilience in Mozambique and Peru by James Leslie, joint MESc-MBA 2008 28 Understanding Stakeh...

Although play behavior is difficult to define, it has been abundantly documented in the cetacean literature. Play behavior is prevalent among the various taxa and is exhibited by individuals of all age classes. However, it is often difficult to follow individuals, observe underwater behavior, and obtain multiple sightings of individuals when investigating free-ranging populations. Captive studi...

Abstract We examined dietary preferences of wild pigs to discern possible bait alternatives corn. Captive trials were conducted during spring and fall 2021 in the Wild Pig Research Facility at Kerr Wildlife Management Area, Hunt, Texas, USA. 2‐choice tests by allowing feed ad libitum on soybeans, split peas, mealworms, peanuts (spring 2021), oats, acorns, earthworms, (fall always with corn avai...

The physical environments of captive and wild animals frequently differ in substrate types and compliance. As a result, there is an assumption that differences in rearing environments between captive and wild individuals produce differences in skeletal morphology. Here, this hypothesis is tested using a sample of 42 captive and wild common chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Articular surface areas ...

The success with which animals living in their natural environment nourish themselves must depend upon the exercise of choices in which instinct and appetite play a significant part. When such individuals are transferred to conditions of domestication their freedom of choice, particularly in t’he case of captive or farm animals, is restricted. Their diet now becomes a problem for the husbandman...