an air filter is a significant element of any mechanical ventilation system. however, the importance and performance evaluation of air filters have not been well publicized and related scientific reports are scarce. in this study, a transportable, off-line, air filter-testing unit (the unit) was designed and utilized to simulate the filter housing of a mechanical ventilation system. the unit wa...

We determined baseline and capture-induced glucocorticoid concentrations during two different seasons in three species of wild free-living rodents: brown lemmings (Lemmus trimucronatus), golden-mantled ground squirrels (Spermophilus saturatus), and yellow-pine chipmunks (Tamias amoenus). Initial blood samples were obtained within 3 min of capture, so that initial glucocorticoid levels reflect b...

We estimated humpback and blue whale abundance from 1991 to 1997 off the west coast of the U.S. and Mexico comparing capture-recapture models based on photographically identified animals and line-transect methods from ship-based surveys. During photo-identification research we obtained 4,212 identifications of 824 humpback whales and 2,403 identifications of 908 blue whales primarily through no...

In this paper a statistical approach for estimating the evolution of categorized web page populations in web directories is proposed. The proposal is based on the capture-recapture method used in wildlife biological studies and it is modified according to the necessary assumptions and amendments for conducting the experiments on the web. During these experiments, web pages are likened to animal...

Capture-recapture studies are frequently used to monitor the status and trends of wildlife populations. Detection histories from individual animals are used to estimate probability of detection and abundance or density. The accuracy of abundance and density estimates depends on the ability to model factors affecting detection probability. Non-spatial capture-recapture models have recently evolv...

the measurement of antibody responses of animals exposed to bvdv either through a natural exposure or an immunization protocol is still a standard procedure. for bvdv, the test formats have been largely limited to elisa which is a valuable diagnostic test to measure the level of bvdv specific antibodies as well as antigen in blood samples. in the present study, 120 blood samples were collected ...

Reducing CO2 emission and lowering the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has quickly become one of the most urgent environmental issues. While a variety of technologies and methods have been developed, the separation of CO2 from gas streams is still a critical issue. Apart from establishing new techniques, the exploration of membrane materials with high separation performance ...

Biologists commonly use multi state capture-recapture models to estimate movement and survival rates of animals. Recent improvements to genetic and stable-isotope techniques have created the potential for making a posteriori determinations of an animal's location. Here, I present a new multi state model structure that incorporates captured animals' backdated locations. To provide data for this ...

Nearly all research on camouflage has investigated its effectiveness for concealing stationary objects. However, animals have to move, and patterns that only work when the subject is static will heavily constrain behaviour. We investigated the effects of different camouflages on the three stages of predation-detection, identification and capture-in a computer-based task with humans. An initial ...

BACKGROUND Evaluation of physiology during capture and anesthesia of free-ranging wildlife is useful for determining the effect that capture methods have on both ecological research results and animal welfare. This study evaluates capture and anesthesia of moose (Alces alces) with etorphine-xylazine-acepromazine in Northern Sweden. METHODS Fifteen adult moose aged 3-15 years were darted from ...