a. csaszar introduced and extensively studied the notion of generalized opensets. following csazar, we introduce a new notion hyperconnected. we study some specicproperties about connected and hyperconnected in generalized topological spaces. finally, wecharacterize the connected component in generalized topological spaces.

the paper studies of the effect the related and unrelated diversification for products and ownership structure on capital structure for a sample of 87 firms out of 19 industry listed on the tehran stock exchange during the period 2004- 2009. for to regress of models to apply of multivariate approach include panel data and cross-sectional regressions. this study adopts panel fixed effects regres...

AND Abstract. Graded nilpotent Lie groups, or Carnot Groups are to subRiemannian geometry as Euclidean spaces are to Riemannian geometry. They are the metric tangent cones for this geometry. Hoping that the analogy between subRiemannian and Riemannian geometry is a strong one, one might conjecture that the subRiemannian geo-desic ow on any Carnot group is completely integrable. We prove this co...

Consider the ordinary diierential equation _ xt = F , x t ; x 0 = x 0 : 1 A solution 1 on 0; T , T T 0, to 1 is a continuously diierentiable function x : : 0 ; T !R n satisfying xt = x 0 + Z t 0 F , x s ds: We m a y ask for which functions F there exist a solution to 1 and, if so, if the solution is unique. Is it, for instance, suucient that F is a continuous function? The answer is no concerni...

where is an –Caratheodory function, that is, a function such that is measurable for every , is continuous a.e. and for any , there exists a function such that for all and a.e. . The method of lower and upper solutions for this problem is a classical topic with a wide literature (see the monograph [3] and the references therein). The most popular result is the following: If and are a couple of l...

One of the main purpose of this paper is to compare those well-known canonical and complete metrics on the Teichmüller and the moduli spaces of Riemann surfaces. We use as bridge two new metrics, the Ricci metric and the perturbed Ricci metric. We will prove that these metrics are equivalent to those classical complete metrics. For this purpose we study in detail the asymptotic behaviors and th...

In the geometry based on the infinite group of conformai transformations of the plane (or on the equivalent theory of analytic functions of one complex variable), two types of problems must be carefully distinguished: those relating to regions and those relating to curves or arcs. Two regions of the plane are equivalent when there exists a conformai representation of the one on the other, the r...

Helly’s Theorem and its relatives, the theorems of Radon and Caratheodory have played an important role in Discrete and Convex Geometry, there are numerous generalizations and variations of them that have been studied from different perspectives and points of view. The classical lemma of Radon for instance states that any d + 2 points in R can be partitioned into two classes with intersecting c...

This paper presents a new practical approach to semi-infinite complex Chebyshev approximation. By using a new technique, the general complex Chebyshev approximation problem can be solved with arbitrary base functions taking advantage of the numerical stability and efficiency of conventional linear programming software packages. Furthermore, the optimization procedure is simple to describe theor...

A prominent role in combinatorial geometry is played by Helly’s theorem, which states the following: Theorem: [22] LetA be a finite family of at least d+1 convex sets in the d-dimensional euclidean space R. If every d+ 1 members of A have a point in common, then there is a point common to all members of A. Helly’s theorem has stimulated numerous generalization and variants. There are many inter...