Algal carbon has been increasingly recognized as the primary carbon source supporting large-river food webs; however, many of the studies that support this contention have focused on lotic main channels during low-flow periods. The flow variability and habitat-heterogeneity characteristic of these systems has the potential to significantly influence food web structure and must be integrated int...

This study estimates the complete carbon budget of an 11.4 km(2) peat-covered catchment in Northern England. The budget considers both fluvial and gaseous carbon fluxes and includes estimates of particulate organic carbon (POC); dissolved organic carbon (DOC); excess dissolved CO(2); release of methane (CH(4)); net ecosystem respiration of CO(2); and uptake of CO(2) by primary productivity. All...

Single- and multiwalled carbon nanotubes have been covalently functionalized with free-base porphyrin. The quantity of porphyrin linked to the surface was determined from thermogravimetric and UV-vis analysis. A reversible protonation equilibrium between the attached porphyrin and the residual acid groups of the carbon nanotubes has been identified. Steady-state fluorescence emission spectrum o...

BACKGROUND Accounting for carbon gains and losses in young-growth forests is a key part of carbon assessments. A common silvicultural practice in young forests is thinning to increase the growth rate of residual trees. However, the effect of thinning on total stand carbon stock in these stands is uncertain. In this study we used data from 284 long-term growth and yield plots to quantify the car...

The objectives of this study were to estimate changes of tree carbon (C) and soil organic carbon (SOC) stock following a conversion in land use, an issue that has been only insufficiently addressed. For this study, we examined a chronosequence of 2 to 54-year-old Pinus kesiya var. langbianensis plantations that replaced the original secondary coniferous forest (SCF) in Southwest China due to cl...

Although soils are considered as major carbon stores, rapid oxidation of soil organic carbon can contribute to CO2 evolution and global warming on a large scale. Generally, microbial and climatic factors are thought to be mainly responsible for such oxidative losses. Another probable factor is photodegradation by sunlight. Cultivated soils of the tropics are left barren for a greater part of th...

A new composite film-modified electrode was prepared by the electropolymerisation of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and superconductive carbon black (SCB) on a gold electrode. The PEDOT-SCB/Au electrode exhibited excellent ability towards the electrocatalytic oxidation of ascorbic acid, in terms of a 480 mV shift of the oxidation potential in the negative direction, and a dramatically...

The study of toxicities which are caused by free radical inducing chemicals (e.g., carbon tetrachloride), helps to determine the mode of action of those important drugs which act by inhibiting free radicals. Evaluation of toxicities induced by carbon tetrachloride and phenobarbitone administration was carried out in seventy healthy male rabbits. Each animal received CCI4 0.25-0.5 mL/kg bod...

a Department of Electronic Engineering, Far East University of Technology, Tainan 744, Taiwan b Departmnet of Mechanics, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung 411, Taiwan c Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chinese Military Academy, Fengshan 83059, Taiwan d Graduate Institute of Precision Manufacturing, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung 411, Taiwan e Departme...