Discrimination among equals: A catalytic method for the selective oxidation of unprotected glycosides, both monosaccharides and disaccharides, has been developed. The resulting ketosaccharides are isolated in moderate to excellent yields. This approach provides a basis for protecting-group-free synthetic transformations of carbohydrates.

Rates of electrocatalytic water oxidation to oxygen by Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes are enhanced by added NaCl. Observations based on the single-site catalyst [Ru(II)(Mebimpy)(bpy)(OH2)](2+) (Mebimpy is 2,6-bis(1-methylbenzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine; bpy is 2,2'-bipyridine) at pH 7.0 in a phosphate buffer suggest a mechanism involving initial oxidation of the catalyst to Ru(V)(O)(3+) followed by Cl...

Introduction For emissions control of multicomponent exhaust gas streams, catalytic converters have to perform three functions: the catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide, the destruction of Volatile Organic Carbon compounds (VOC’s), and NOx abatement. State-of-art catalysts for CO oxidation are based on CuMn2O4 (hopcalite), for VOC combustion on Pt/alumina, and for DeNOx eith...

Graphene-based solid-state catalysis represents a new direction in applications of graphene and has attracted a lot of interests recently. However, the difficulty in fine control and large-scale production of previously proposed graphene catalysts greatly limits their industrial applications. Here we present a novel way to enhance the catalytic activity of graphene, which is highly efficient ye...

Flavin cofactors are widely used by enzymes to catalyze a broad range of chemical reactions. Traditionally, flavins in enzymes are regarded as redox centers, which enable enzymes to catalyze the oxidation or reduction of substrates. However, a new class of flavoenzyme has emerged over the past quarter century in which the flavin functions as a catalytic center in a non-redox reaction. Here we i...

The catalytic oxidation of toluene over copper oxide supported on natural diatomite was investigated. The catalyst was prepared by the wet impregnation method and characterized by using the Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET), field emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and Temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) analysis. The highest catalytic ...

This review summarizes the history and most recent advances in aptamers and ribozymes that bind and use redox(reduction–oxidation) cofactors. Redox reactions, catalyzed by protein enzymes in an extant world, play a central role in the metabolism of numerous biological molecules in the living organisms. The burden of catalyzing these reactions in a preprotein-based world (i.e., the hypothesized ...

Antibodies were generated against the positively charged chair-like glycosidase inhibitor nojirimycin by in vitro immunization. A number of catalytic antibodies were isolated, one of which catalyzes the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside 3 with a rate enhancement (kcat/kuncat) of 10(5) M over the HOAC-catalyzed reaction. The antibody discriminates modifications in the pyranoside...

Perovskites are mixed-metal oxides that are attracting much scientific and application interest owing to their low price, adaptability, and thermal stability, which often depend on bulk and surface characteristics. These materials have been extensively explored for their catalytic, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties. They are promising candidates for the photocatalytic splitting of wa...